Screening and Diagnostic Tools for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children with Visual Impairment: A Scoping Review
摘要
The aim of the current paper was to review the literature on diagnostic and screening tools for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) used for children with visual impairment (VI), and describe and compare the modifications that had to be made in administration and scoring.
Recent FindingsThe prevalence of ASD among children with VI is high. However, there is currently no validated and commonly accepted tool for diagnosing ASD in children with VI. Therefore, clinicians have to rely on the available tools for the identification of autistic features in this clinical population. Using a tool, though, that has been developed for sighted children raises concerns since many of the items depend on visual behaviours and have to be omitted or adjusted in order to fit their profile.
SummaryThe literature search was performed through PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus. The articles that met inclusion criteria for this review were seventeen. Results showed that ten different tools have been used for the detection of ASD symptoms in children with VI. Of those three instruments were particularly developed for children with VI but have not undergone large-scale validation with diverse samples. This review demonstrates the challenges in diagnosing ASD in children with VI and highlights the need for developing a valid tool particularly designed for these children.