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<p>To enhance the wear resistance and tensile properties of Ti6Al4V alloys, (B<sub>4</sub>C+ TiC+TiB)-reinforced titanium-matrix composites (TMCs) were fabricated via laser melting deposition. Composites reinforced with 2% (TMC1), 5% (TMC2), and 10% (TMC3) B<sub>4</sub>C powder (by volume) were developed. They consisted of <i>α</i>-Ti, <i>β</i>-Ti, undissolved B<sub>4</sub>C, and in situ-formed (TiC+TiB) phases. TMC1 exhibited a network microstructure that disappeared as the B<sub>4</sub>C content increased, resulting in a greater presence of undissolved B<sub>4</sub>C particles and in situ ceramic phases. The Ti6Al4V matrix, used as a reference, exhibited an average microhardness of 352.79 HV<sub>0.5</sub> and a wear rate of 1.361 2×10<sup>‒3</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/(N·m). In comparison, TMC1–TMC3 demonstrated progressively increasing microhardness values of 451.19 HV<sub>0.5</sub>, 498.88 HV<sub>0.5</sub>, and 541.13 HV<sub>0.5</sub>, respectively, attributed to the increasing content of hard ceramic reinforcements. TMC1 and TMC2 also exhibited reduced wear rates of 7.892×10<sup>‒4</sup> and 6.513×10<sup>‒4</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/(N·m), respectively, while TMC3 exhibited a higher wear rate (1.563×10<sup>‒3</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>/(N·m)) than the matrix, owing to secondary abrasion caused by particle detachment. Among the composites, TMC1 demonstrated the highest ultimate tensile strength of (1 246 ± 25.8) MPa, which exceeded that of the Ti6Al4V matrix by 14.49%, and an elongation of 0.9% ± 0.6%, which exceeded that of TMC2 and TMC3. The enhancement in mechanical performance was attributed to the synergistic effects of dispersion strengthening, grain-refinement strengthening, and solid-solution strengthening.</p>

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of (B4C+TiC+TiB)/Ti6Al4V composites fabricated via laser melting deposition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Jian-Dong Wang,
  • Wen-Hao Dou,
  • Mu-Shi Fan,
  • Yu-Zhou Zeng,
  • Yao Guan,
  • Wen-Xin Cao

摘要

To enhance the wear resistance and tensile properties of Ti6Al4V alloys, (B4C+ TiC+TiB)-reinforced titanium-matrix composites (TMCs) were fabricated via laser melting deposition. Composites reinforced with 2% (TMC1), 5% (TMC2), and 10% (TMC3) B4C powder (by volume) were developed. They consisted of α-Ti, β-Ti, undissolved B4C, and in situ-formed (TiC+TiB) phases. TMC1 exhibited a network microstructure that disappeared as the B4C content increased, resulting in a greater presence of undissolved B4C particles and in situ ceramic phases. The Ti6Al4V matrix, used as a reference, exhibited an average microhardness of 352.79 HV0.5 and a wear rate of 1.361 2×10‒3 mm3/(N·m). In comparison, TMC1–TMC3 demonstrated progressively increasing microhardness values of 451.19 HV0.5, 498.88 HV0.5, and 541.13 HV0.5, respectively, attributed to the increasing content of hard ceramic reinforcements. TMC1 and TMC2 also exhibited reduced wear rates of 7.892×10‒4 and 6.513×10‒4 mm3/(N·m), respectively, while TMC3 exhibited a higher wear rate (1.563×10‒3 mm3/(N·m)) than the matrix, owing to secondary abrasion caused by particle detachment. Among the composites, TMC1 demonstrated the highest ultimate tensile strength of (1 246 ± 25.8) MPa, which exceeded that of the Ti6Al4V matrix by 14.49%, and an elongation of 0.9% ± 0.6%, which exceeded that of TMC2 and TMC3. The enhancement in mechanical performance was attributed to the synergistic effects of dispersion strengthening, grain-refinement strengthening, and solid-solution strengthening.