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<p>Precise temperature control in thermoelectric coolers faces significant challenges due to nonlinear dynamics, parameter uncertainties, external disturbances, and input constraints. This study presents a nonlinear model-updating scheme that provides an enriched dynamic model for a novel finite-time controller with input constraints. The proposed methodology compensates for perturbations in a reduced-order model through estimation and incorporation of complementary correction terms. This ensures precise alignment between the mathematical model and physical system behavior. The approach leverages temperature measurements from both sides of the thermoelectric element to estimate perturbations in real time. Using the enhanced model, a novel nonlinear finite-time controller is developed to track the reference temperature by the element in the presence of input constraints. The controller adaptively adjusts to the actual system, achieving high reliability through the improved model. Mathematical analyses prove the practical finite-time convergence of the tracking error to a compact set under input saturation. Experimental validation on a fabricated thermoelectric platform demonstrates the enhanced effectiveness of the controller in temperature tracking. Superior accuracy and robustness are demonstrated in comparative analyses against prevalent control strategies, even under uncertainties, external disturbances and input saturation.</p>

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Novel practically finite-time constrained control of thermoelectric coolers with model-updated approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Sadra Rafatnia,
  • Mehdi Mirzaei

摘要

Precise temperature control in thermoelectric coolers faces significant challenges due to nonlinear dynamics, parameter uncertainties, external disturbances, and input constraints. This study presents a nonlinear model-updating scheme that provides an enriched dynamic model for a novel finite-time controller with input constraints. The proposed methodology compensates for perturbations in a reduced-order model through estimation and incorporation of complementary correction terms. This ensures precise alignment between the mathematical model and physical system behavior. The approach leverages temperature measurements from both sides of the thermoelectric element to estimate perturbations in real time. Using the enhanced model, a novel nonlinear finite-time controller is developed to track the reference temperature by the element in the presence of input constraints. The controller adaptively adjusts to the actual system, achieving high reliability through the improved model. Mathematical analyses prove the practical finite-time convergence of the tracking error to a compact set under input saturation. Experimental validation on a fabricated thermoelectric platform demonstrates the enhanced effectiveness of the controller in temperature tracking. Superior accuracy and robustness are demonstrated in comparative analyses against prevalent control strategies, even under uncertainties, external disturbances and input saturation.