Nonlinear controller design for automotive engine speed regulation utilizing electric eel foraging optimization
摘要
In automotive applications, precise engine speed regulation is critical for ensuring performance, efficiency, and safety. Traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers, while widely used, often face challenges in handling the nonlinear and dynamic nature of engine systems, especially in noisy environments. To address these issues, this paper presents a PID with filter (PID-F) controller optimized using the electric eel foraging optimization (EEFO). While PID-F controllers have been explored in recent literature, this work uniquely focuses on the optimization of the PID-F controller parameters for a nonlinear engine system without performing linearization. The EEFO, inspired by the predatory behavior of electric eels, efficiently fine-tunes the controller parameters to achieve optimal performance. The proposed approach was applied to a four-cylinder spark ignition engine model, and simulation results demonstrate that the EEFO-optimized PID-F controller outperforms traditional metaheuristic algorithms, including particle swarm optimization, gravitational search algorithm, spider wasp optimizer, and artificial hummingbird algorithm, in terms of rise time, settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error. The controller also exhibited superior robustness in reference tracking, disturbance rejection, and noise handling, making it a highly effective solution for real-time automotive engine control.