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<p>As the primary connecting component of train vehicles, the coupler device plays a crucial role in facilitating the efficient transmission of force and energy during train collisions. Accurate determination of load characteristics is essential for evaluating the impact performance of the coupler system. However, current experimental techniques are limited to measuring only the longitudinal forces during coupler impacts due to inadequate comprehensive measurement capabilities. To address this limitation, this study introduces a novel identification method based on a recursive approximation strategy to thoroughly examine the force transmission of the coupler. The principal innovation of this research lies in the incorporation of a backtracking mechanism (RSB), specifically designed to detect multi-directional impact loads in railway coupler systems under highly nonlinear and time-varying conditions. Initially, the coupler-to-wall impact scenario is examined as a foundational benchmark. The proposed method is evaluated and compared with two related frameworks. Compared to the traditional global optimization (GO) and recursive (RS) frameworks, the proposed recursive with backtracking (RSB) approach exhibits enhanced performance in reconstructing crushing loads, particularly in identifying local peak values. When benchmarked against actual test data, the maximum errors in the identified loads for the three frameworks are 44.09%, 28.89%, and 13.53%, respectively. Moreover, two supplementary standard scenarios are analyzed to further substantiate the efficacy of the proposed method. Ultimately, the findings of this study provide a dependable approach and serve as a reference for response reconstruction and dynamic load identification in complex structures and systems.</p>

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Impact load identification method for railway coupler systems using recursive strategy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Ping Xu,
  • Qi Huang,
  • Shuguang Yao,
  • Jie Xing,
  • Xudong Liu

摘要

As the primary connecting component of train vehicles, the coupler device plays a crucial role in facilitating the efficient transmission of force and energy during train collisions. Accurate determination of load characteristics is essential for evaluating the impact performance of the coupler system. However, current experimental techniques are limited to measuring only the longitudinal forces during coupler impacts due to inadequate comprehensive measurement capabilities. To address this limitation, this study introduces a novel identification method based on a recursive approximation strategy to thoroughly examine the force transmission of the coupler. The principal innovation of this research lies in the incorporation of a backtracking mechanism (RSB), specifically designed to detect multi-directional impact loads in railway coupler systems under highly nonlinear and time-varying conditions. Initially, the coupler-to-wall impact scenario is examined as a foundational benchmark. The proposed method is evaluated and compared with two related frameworks. Compared to the traditional global optimization (GO) and recursive (RS) frameworks, the proposed recursive with backtracking (RSB) approach exhibits enhanced performance in reconstructing crushing loads, particularly in identifying local peak values. When benchmarked against actual test data, the maximum errors in the identified loads for the three frameworks are 44.09%, 28.89%, and 13.53%, respectively. Moreover, two supplementary standard scenarios are analyzed to further substantiate the efficacy of the proposed method. Ultimately, the findings of this study provide a dependable approach and serve as a reference for response reconstruction and dynamic load identification in complex structures and systems.