Impact of interfacial complexity and material grading on Rayleigh wave propagation in layered media
摘要
Present work develops a closed-form solution for Rayleigh wave propagation in an orthotropic half-space overlaid by doubly-layered inhomogeneous fiber-reinforced media with exponential property variations, imperfect bonding, and corrugated boundaries. The unified framework addresses material grading, interfacial sliding, and surface roughness simultaneously filling a critical gap where existing studies treat these features independently. Parametric investigation reveals striking mechanistic insights: upper-layer stiffening accelerates waves under partial-slip interfaces but decelerates them under perfect bonding, demonstrating that interface mechanical coupling acts as a dominant control parameter. Intermediate-layer heterogeneity produces opposite responses depending on bonding state. Interface sharpness persistently influences propagation, with rectangular irregularities enabling faster motion than parabolic variants across all parameters. Wavenumber-dependent transitions emerge, where long-wavelength waves exhibit strong sensitivity to interface details while short-wavelength disturbances decouple from fine-scale features. Layer-thickness ratios directly modulate effective system rigidity. Model validation through limiting-case reduction confirms recovery of classical isotropic and orthotropic equations. The behavior-reversal mechanism—where identical material properties yield opposite velocity trends depending solely on bonding state represents a fundamental finding for seismic interpretation. Results offer direct applicability to earthquake hazard assessment in tectonically complex regions, composite material design optimization, and subsurface imaging. Fundamental insights regarding bonding-dependent responses and frequency-dependent behavior enable sophisticated interpretation of multi-frequency seismic surveys and enhanced predictive modeling of dynamic response in realistic layered systems.