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<p>Total hip arthroplasty is a widely performed procedure aimed at relieving pain and restoring mobility in patients with hip joint disorders. The long-term success of hip implants depends on optimal design parameters, material selection, and mechanical performance during activities such as cycling, which is increasingly recommended for postoperative rehabilitation owing to its low-impact nature. This study investigated a new hip prosthesis design that incorporates radial clearance at the head-stem junction. The primary objectives were to evaluate the wear behaviour, deformation, and fatigue life during cycling gait conditions and to identify design modifications and material combinations that enhance implant durability and minimize wear. A detailed 3D model of the hip implant was developed using SolidWorks. The material combinations analysed included cobalt-chromium alloy for the femoral head and acetabular shell, an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene liner, and titanium alloy for the stem. Finite element analysis employing Archard’s wear law and Goodman’s fatigue theory simulated gait cycle loading conditions to assess wear rates, contact pressures, deformation, and fatigue safety factors. Simulations revealed maximum volumetric wear (110&#xa0;MPa) at the head-stem interface with the lowest rates achieved using the optimal material combination (MC3) as acetabular shell–CoCrM0, liner–UHMWPE, femoral head–CoCrM0, and stem – titanium alloy. The new design with a 0.25&#xa0;mm radial clearance demonstrated improved wear performance compared to conventional models. Titanium alloys exhibited higher fatigue safety factors (15) and longer predicted fatigue life (2.72) than cobalt-chromium alloys, with the combination providing enhanced durability. The results highlight that appropriate radial clearance and strategic material selection are critical for reducing wear and extending implant lifespan during cycling. These findings support the potential of customized prosthesis designs for improving clinical outcomes. Further validation through experimental wear tests and clinical studies are recommended to confirm these computational insights.</p>

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Wear prediction of hip implant during cycling gait conditions using finite element analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • M. Kalayarasan,
  • P. Dhanabal,
  • Jonathan Reginald,
  • Nishant Nikam,
  • K. N. Chethan

摘要

Total hip arthroplasty is a widely performed procedure aimed at relieving pain and restoring mobility in patients with hip joint disorders. The long-term success of hip implants depends on optimal design parameters, material selection, and mechanical performance during activities such as cycling, which is increasingly recommended for postoperative rehabilitation owing to its low-impact nature. This study investigated a new hip prosthesis design that incorporates radial clearance at the head-stem junction. The primary objectives were to evaluate the wear behaviour, deformation, and fatigue life during cycling gait conditions and to identify design modifications and material combinations that enhance implant durability and minimize wear. A detailed 3D model of the hip implant was developed using SolidWorks. The material combinations analysed included cobalt-chromium alloy for the femoral head and acetabular shell, an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene liner, and titanium alloy for the stem. Finite element analysis employing Archard’s wear law and Goodman’s fatigue theory simulated gait cycle loading conditions to assess wear rates, contact pressures, deformation, and fatigue safety factors. Simulations revealed maximum volumetric wear (110 MPa) at the head-stem interface with the lowest rates achieved using the optimal material combination (MC3) as acetabular shell–CoCrM0, liner–UHMWPE, femoral head–CoCrM0, and stem – titanium alloy. The new design with a 0.25 mm radial clearance demonstrated improved wear performance compared to conventional models. Titanium alloys exhibited higher fatigue safety factors (15) and longer predicted fatigue life (2.72) than cobalt-chromium alloys, with the combination providing enhanced durability. The results highlight that appropriate radial clearance and strategic material selection are critical for reducing wear and extending implant lifespan during cycling. These findings support the potential of customized prosthesis designs for improving clinical outcomes. Further validation through experimental wear tests and clinical studies are recommended to confirm these computational insights.