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<p>In recent years, Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) have gained popularity because of their distinctive appearance and effective wind energy harvesting capabilities, especially in urban areas. The performance of VAWT greatly depends on the design and material selection of its blades. This review uniquely compiles and evaluates the mechanical, structural, environmental, and performance impacts of different blade materials specifically for H-Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs), an area less explored in existing literature. A detailed comparison of traditional materials like wood and aluminium with advanced composites such as FRP, CFRP, hybrid, bio-composites, and polymers are presented, offering critical insights for material selection and sustainable design. Wooden blades are best suited for small-scale turbines, while aluminium is a cost-effective and environmentally favorable alternative. Comparatively heavier weight of aluminium leads to a lower Cp (coefficient of power), mainly in low-wind conditions. FRP is well balanced between cost, strength, and durability giving a high overall efficiency. Carbon fibers are especially for large, high-performance turbines with high efficiency as they can withstand high loads and fatigue better than FRP. Hybrid composites show better mechanical properties and are cheaper than the carbon fibers. Bio-composites as blade materials are attractive for small-scale or residential turbines for their environmental friendliness and cost advantages. Lightweight, cost-effective, and corrosion-resistant solutions with potential challenges in strength and UV durability make polymers a promising blade material. From a performance point of view, composite materials (FRP/CFRP) and polymer blade materials are most power efficient. Considering aerodynamic properties, lightweight structure, long-term durability, composite materials (FRP/CFRP) are the best choice for optimal performance. The effect of different blade materials has been showcased on H-Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine performance considering important performance parameters and it is expected to provide valuable information to the future researchers for further improvements.</p>

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Blade material influence on the performance of H-Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines: a review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Sanjiban Biswas,
  • Anal Ranjan Sengupta,
  • Saswati Rakshit,
  • Agnimitra Biswas

摘要

In recent years, Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) have gained popularity because of their distinctive appearance and effective wind energy harvesting capabilities, especially in urban areas. The performance of VAWT greatly depends on the design and material selection of its blades. This review uniquely compiles and evaluates the mechanical, structural, environmental, and performance impacts of different blade materials specifically for H-Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs), an area less explored in existing literature. A detailed comparison of traditional materials like wood and aluminium with advanced composites such as FRP, CFRP, hybrid, bio-composites, and polymers are presented, offering critical insights for material selection and sustainable design. Wooden blades are best suited for small-scale turbines, while aluminium is a cost-effective and environmentally favorable alternative. Comparatively heavier weight of aluminium leads to a lower Cp (coefficient of power), mainly in low-wind conditions. FRP is well balanced between cost, strength, and durability giving a high overall efficiency. Carbon fibers are especially for large, high-performance turbines with high efficiency as they can withstand high loads and fatigue better than FRP. Hybrid composites show better mechanical properties and are cheaper than the carbon fibers. Bio-composites as blade materials are attractive for small-scale or residential turbines for their environmental friendliness and cost advantages. Lightweight, cost-effective, and corrosion-resistant solutions with potential challenges in strength and UV durability make polymers a promising blade material. From a performance point of view, composite materials (FRP/CFRP) and polymer blade materials are most power efficient. Considering aerodynamic properties, lightweight structure, long-term durability, composite materials (FRP/CFRP) are the best choice for optimal performance. The effect of different blade materials has been showcased on H-Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine performance considering important performance parameters and it is expected to provide valuable information to the future researchers for further improvements.