Dynamic load emulation Hardware-in-the-Loop platform for electric vehicles torque control
摘要
The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has emphasized the need for effective control strategies and their validation under realistic conditions. Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test benches offer a flexible and reliable platform for such validation by coupling the vehicle’s electric motor (EM) to a load motor capable of emulating the dynamic loads resulting from tire–road interaction. This work proposes the development of a HIL test bench architecture to support the evaluation of EV control systems, with a particular focus on torque vectoring (TV) strategies in a two-wheel-drive configuration. The hardware side consists of two EMs assembled on a coupled shaft: one acting as the traction motor and the other as the load motor, replicated for the left and right wheels of the vehicle. The software side contains the Dynamic Load Emulation (DLE) controller, comprised by a driver model, a vehicle model and a bench dynamics speed-tracking controller with a Luenberger observer as feedfoward torque compensator. With the proposed rig architecture, researchers will be able to perform early-stage development of EV traction control strategies under various emulated track conditions and driving scenarios including assessment of stability during regenerative braking in straight or curved paths, efficiency of regenerative braking for optimization of battery management systems or the influence of driver actions on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle. So far, simulation results corroborate the validity of the proposed approach which, to our best knowledge, has no similar record in the literature, thus representing a contribution.