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<p>During pump start-up, transient pressure peaks not only reduce operational efficiency but also induce cavitation, accompanied by strong vibrations and localized impacts that threaten system safety and service life. To clarify the regulatory mechanism of pump–valve coordination on these phenomena, a coupled one-dimensional and three-dimensional simulation method was employed to systematically investigate the pressure peaks, pressure fluctuations, and cavitation evolution under three representative start-up modes. The results show that in the conventional linear start-up mode, where the pump accelerates directly to the rated speed within 7.5&#xa0;s and the valve is subsequently opened, pronounced outlet pressure peaks occur. In the staged start-up mode, the pump first reaches 70% of the rated speed before the valve begins to open, which alleviates transient pressure surges but intensifies cavitation within the impeller, with a local vapor volume fraction of approximately 2.87%.In contrast, the pump–valve staged start-up mode exhibits superior overall performance: outlet pressure peaks decrease by about 23.94%, pressure fluctuation amplitudes in the volute and impeller are significantly reduced, and the peak vapor volume fraction is limited to only 0.334%. Overall, this start-up strategy effectively weakens cavitation while maintaining stable hydraulic performance. These findings reveal the coupled relationship between pressure peaks and cavitation evolution, highlight the critical influence of cavitation on energy loss and operational stability, and provide valuable theoretical and engineering guidance for optimizing pump–valve coordination during centrifugal pump start-up.</p>

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Study on the effects of pump-valve coordination during centrifugal pump start-up on cavitation characteristics and pressure pulsations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • You Fu,
  • Fengyi Shen,
  • Mulan Qi

摘要

During pump start-up, transient pressure peaks not only reduce operational efficiency but also induce cavitation, accompanied by strong vibrations and localized impacts that threaten system safety and service life. To clarify the regulatory mechanism of pump–valve coordination on these phenomena, a coupled one-dimensional and three-dimensional simulation method was employed to systematically investigate the pressure peaks, pressure fluctuations, and cavitation evolution under three representative start-up modes. The results show that in the conventional linear start-up mode, where the pump accelerates directly to the rated speed within 7.5 s and the valve is subsequently opened, pronounced outlet pressure peaks occur. In the staged start-up mode, the pump first reaches 70% of the rated speed before the valve begins to open, which alleviates transient pressure surges but intensifies cavitation within the impeller, with a local vapor volume fraction of approximately 2.87%.In contrast, the pump–valve staged start-up mode exhibits superior overall performance: outlet pressure peaks decrease by about 23.94%, pressure fluctuation amplitudes in the volute and impeller are significantly reduced, and the peak vapor volume fraction is limited to only 0.334%. Overall, this start-up strategy effectively weakens cavitation while maintaining stable hydraulic performance. These findings reveal the coupled relationship between pressure peaks and cavitation evolution, highlight the critical influence of cavitation on energy loss and operational stability, and provide valuable theoretical and engineering guidance for optimizing pump–valve coordination during centrifugal pump start-up.