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<p>Designing flapping-wing unmanned air vehicles (FUAVs) is challenging due to turbulence and gust sensitivity. Birds overcome these conditions using covert feathers that passively and actively stabilize flight. Inspired by this mechanism, we propose a biomimetic Gust Alleviation System (GAS) integrated with a composite control strategy. The system combines Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) for nominal stability with an <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{H}_{{\infty\:}}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> controller and covert-feather-based GAS actuation to suppress gust effects. In addition, a Kalman filter–based state observer is designed to reconstruct internal states under noisy measurements, ensuring reliable control performance. Simulations demonstrate up to 39% robustness improvement and 54% reduction in gust-induced disturbances compared to conventional LQR design. This composite control approach with feather-inspired GAS augmentation and observer-based state estimation offers a practical path toward more resilient FUAV operation in gusty environments.</p>

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Bioinspired gust alleviation system for flapping-wing UAV: bond graph modeling, observer design and LQR–\(\:{\varvec{H}}_{\varvec{\infty\:}}\) control

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • S. H. Abbasi,
  • Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar,
  • A. Nouman

摘要

Designing flapping-wing unmanned air vehicles (FUAVs) is challenging due to turbulence and gust sensitivity. Birds overcome these conditions using covert feathers that passively and actively stabilize flight. Inspired by this mechanism, we propose a biomimetic Gust Alleviation System (GAS) integrated with a composite control strategy. The system combines Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) for nominal stability with an \(\:{H}_{{\infty\:}}\) controller and covert-feather-based GAS actuation to suppress gust effects. In addition, a Kalman filter–based state observer is designed to reconstruct internal states under noisy measurements, ensuring reliable control performance. Simulations demonstrate up to 39% robustness improvement and 54% reduction in gust-induced disturbances compared to conventional LQR design. This composite control approach with feather-inspired GAS augmentation and observer-based state estimation offers a practical path toward more resilient FUAV operation in gusty environments.