<p>Periodic incident conditions in the expansion process of a heat-pressure exchange oscillation tube inevitably led to the occurrence of jet losses, which are mainly manifested in the form of large-scale, multi-group vortices, affecting the expansion and diffusion of wave rotor refrigerator. To reduce the influence of vortices and the energy dissipation caused by their continuous growth and movement, this study designed a surface functional structure based on bionic technology and conducted numerical research, revealing the corresponding flow control and their mechanisms. It is suggested that the rectangular sectioned functional structure has good vortices bursting ability, which, under appropriate size conditions, can significantly disrupt vortex integrity and locally restrict vortex movement and development, thereby expanding the expansion depth of the incident high-pressure gas, and enhancing its isentropic refrigeration efficiency. Considering practical processing capacity and the integrity of the flow path surface, this study established three sets of different functional structures for mutual comparison and simulation analysis. The pressure monitoring revealed that the optimal surface functional structure size parameters can significantly reduce the impact of pressure energy loss caused by the vortex, thereby improving the expansion depth amplitude by up to 13.43%. Based on this, we formulated a functional structure surface design method for vortices bursting in heat-pressure exchange oscillating tubes, providing guidance for subsequent research and application of bionic functional surfaces in chemical refrigeration field.</p>