<p>Surface roughness morphology is an important factor that cannot be ignored between contact surfaces. Based on the distribution characteristics of rough peaks, high-precision numerical generation of rough surfaces is achieved through multi-cubic spline interpolation, which resolves the contradiction between data smoothing and feature retention in traditional interpolation methods. Based on reverse engineering, a contact calculation model considering the coupling effect of normal-tangential fields is established, revealing the asymmetric influence law of the two at the microscale. Combining pressure-sensitive paper experiments with numerical simulations, the coupling effects of parameters such as roughness and material stiffness on the contact area ratio and friction coefficient are quantified. The research shows that the changes in the tangential and normal fields between rough surfaces during contact deformation are asymmetric; smaller roughness will weaken the impact of the tangential field on contact behavior; increasing normal displacement and reducing material stiffness will decrease the tangential interaction between rough peaks. The content of this study provides a new method for the establishment of rough surfaces and contact calculation.</p>