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<p>Piston ring pack configuration critically influences microscale oil transport and blow-by gas dynamics in internal combustion engines. This study develops a multiphysics framework integrating multibody dynamics with two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(2D-CFD) to resolve elastohydrodynamic interactions between structural deformation and multiphase flow. The model incorporates transient combustion pressures, gas–liquid hydrodynamics, and thermomechanical deformation of piston components (rings, skirt, and liner), with experimental validation of oil transport mechanisms. A position-correction algorithm tracks ring–groove dynamics, while a novel oil supply function specifically quantifies lubricant delivery rate to the top compression ring. Parametric analysis revealed three key dependencies: 1) Top clearance enlargement in the second land reduces aerodynamic oil drag and second land pressure, while elevating top land oil supply and blow-by; 2) bottom clearance contraction promotes inertial-driven oil migration toward the land apex, increasing top ring oil supply alongside amplified second land pressure and blow-by; and 3) second land height reduction induces inter-land pressure elevation, simultaneously intensifying blow-by gas leakage and top ring oil supply, collectively impairing engine efficiency. These findings demonstrate the competing mechanisms between lubrication optimization and gas sealing requirements. The optimized design balances oil supply enhancement with controlled blow-by through structural dimension adjustments. Future investigations will expand parametric studies on ring group configurations to systematically address friction efficiency impacts.</p>

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Study on the influence of the piston land structure on the oil supply rate to the piston ring

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Huajie Wang,
  • Jing Zhang,
  • Min Liu,
  • Yong Hu,
  • Yuping Hu

摘要

Piston ring pack configuration critically influences microscale oil transport and blow-by gas dynamics in internal combustion engines. This study develops a multiphysics framework integrating multibody dynamics with two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(2D-CFD) to resolve elastohydrodynamic interactions between structural deformation and multiphase flow. The model incorporates transient combustion pressures, gas–liquid hydrodynamics, and thermomechanical deformation of piston components (rings, skirt, and liner), with experimental validation of oil transport mechanisms. A position-correction algorithm tracks ring–groove dynamics, while a novel oil supply function specifically quantifies lubricant delivery rate to the top compression ring. Parametric analysis revealed three key dependencies: 1) Top clearance enlargement in the second land reduces aerodynamic oil drag and second land pressure, while elevating top land oil supply and blow-by; 2) bottom clearance contraction promotes inertial-driven oil migration toward the land apex, increasing top ring oil supply alongside amplified second land pressure and blow-by; and 3) second land height reduction induces inter-land pressure elevation, simultaneously intensifying blow-by gas leakage and top ring oil supply, collectively impairing engine efficiency. These findings demonstrate the competing mechanisms between lubrication optimization and gas sealing requirements. The optimized design balances oil supply enhancement with controlled blow-by through structural dimension adjustments. Future investigations will expand parametric studies on ring group configurations to systematically address friction efficiency impacts.