On the formation of U-shaped and ring-like vortex structures in the lid-driven cavity flow
摘要
U-shaped vortices are part of the large coherent structures, which have an important role in the flow transition from laminar to turbulence. This work mainly aims to identify the U-shaped vortices using vortex identification criteria and study their formation in the three-dimensional lid-driven cavity flow. The role of corner vortices in the U-shaped vortex formation is also discussed in this work. In the process, we discuss the generation of ring-like vortices in the cavity. Due to the complexity of flow patterns in a three-dimensional lid-driven cavity, it is not easy to visualize those new flow structures for a long period of time. For the flat plate, hairpin and ring-like vortical structures have already been observed in the flow by the scientific community. However, no trace of these structures has been observed earlier in the cavity flow. In our work, we probably for the first time report the formation of a ring-like vortical structure at the bottom of the cavity resulting from the merging of U-shaped vortices. We visualize the generation of a ring-like structure and again regeneration of U-shaped vortices at the near-wall floor region of the cavity.