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<p>Accurate measurement of high temperatures is crucial for monitoring combustion processes and advancing the development of clean and efficient energy technologies. However, achieving reliable and precise flame temperature measurements using simple, low-cost, and non-intrusive methods remains a significant challenge. This research introduces a cost-effective optical thermometer based on the sodium line reversal (SLR) technique, integrated with a compact high-speed miniature fiber optic spectrometer. The system was calibrated using a tungsten lamp and an optical pyrometer to yield precise readings. Experimental investigations were conducted with premixed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) flames under oxy-fuel combustion conditions using a laboratory burner with orifice diameter of 1.5&#xa0;mm. Flame temperatures were measured at six vertical positions along the flame axis and at a fixed height of 1.5&#xa0;cm, for equivalence ratios in the range 0.84 ≤ ϕ ≤ 1.50. The measured temperatures varied from 2437 ± 97&#xa0;K to 2689 ± 107&#xa0;K, demonstrating a good agreement with the numerical predictions obtained using the CEQ-INPE and CEA-NASA chemical equilibrium codes. Thus, this study highlights the potential of the proposed low-cost system for achieving reliable and accessible high-temperature measurements in combustion systems, particularly under the extreme thermal conditions found in oxy-fuel processes.</p>

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Flame temperature measurements with a compact sodium line reversal system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Danilo A. Machado,
  • Fernando S. Costa,
  • José R. Silva Jr.,
  • Leda M. Vialta,
  • Dermeval Carinhana Jr.

摘要

Accurate measurement of high temperatures is crucial for monitoring combustion processes and advancing the development of clean and efficient energy technologies. However, achieving reliable and precise flame temperature measurements using simple, low-cost, and non-intrusive methods remains a significant challenge. This research introduces a cost-effective optical thermometer based on the sodium line reversal (SLR) technique, integrated with a compact high-speed miniature fiber optic spectrometer. The system was calibrated using a tungsten lamp and an optical pyrometer to yield precise readings. Experimental investigations were conducted with premixed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) flames under oxy-fuel combustion conditions using a laboratory burner with orifice diameter of 1.5 mm. Flame temperatures were measured at six vertical positions along the flame axis and at a fixed height of 1.5 cm, for equivalence ratios in the range 0.84 ≤ ϕ ≤ 1.50. The measured temperatures varied from 2437 ± 97 K to 2689 ± 107 K, demonstrating a good agreement with the numerical predictions obtained using the CEQ-INPE and CEA-NASA chemical equilibrium codes. Thus, this study highlights the potential of the proposed low-cost system for achieving reliable and accessible high-temperature measurements in combustion systems, particularly under the extreme thermal conditions found in oxy-fuel processes.