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<p>This study introduces an innovative multilayered material (IM) composed of Polylactic Acid PLA: M-1, wood-reinforced PLA: M-2, and carbon-reinforced PLA: M-3, designed to improve fracture toughness. The mode I fracture toughness (<i>K</i><sub><i>IC</i></sub>) of IM is evaluated experimentally and through the extended finite element method (XFEM) to ensure accuracy and reliability. Results show a significant improvement in <i>K</i><sub><i>IC</i></sub>, with the IM achieving 15.20&#xa0;MPa√m, compared to 4.84&#xa0;MPa√m (M-1), 3.25&#xa0;MPa√m (M-2), and 5.14&#xa0;MPa√m (M-3). Quantitatively, the <i>K</i><sub><i>IC</i></sub> of IM is 3.4 times higher than the average fracture toughness of the three constituent materials (4.41&#xa0;MPa√m). The strong agreement between experimental and XFEM results confirms the validity of the approach. This work contributes to AM-based composite development by demonstrating a novel multilayered material with superior fracture resistance, bridging the gap between sustainability and high-performance AM materials.</p>

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Fabrication of innovative material via additive manufacturing: experimental and numerical validation of fracture toughness

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Dhinakaran Veeman,
  • Bhavankumar Padmanaban,
  • S. G. Maharajan,
  • Mohan Kumar Subramaniyan

摘要

This study introduces an innovative multilayered material (IM) composed of Polylactic Acid PLA: M-1, wood-reinforced PLA: M-2, and carbon-reinforced PLA: M-3, designed to improve fracture toughness. The mode I fracture toughness (KIC) of IM is evaluated experimentally and through the extended finite element method (XFEM) to ensure accuracy and reliability. Results show a significant improvement in KIC, with the IM achieving 15.20 MPa√m, compared to 4.84 MPa√m (M-1), 3.25 MPa√m (M-2), and 5.14 MPa√m (M-3). Quantitatively, the KIC of IM is 3.4 times higher than the average fracture toughness of the three constituent materials (4.41 MPa√m). The strong agreement between experimental and XFEM results confirms the validity of the approach. This work contributes to AM-based composite development by demonstrating a novel multilayered material with superior fracture resistance, bridging the gap between sustainability and high-performance AM materials.