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<p>Under the influence of heavy cutting load, the significant deformation of vertical hydrostatic guideway ram of vertical lathe will occur. Furthermore, the eccentric load can further cause uneven oil film thickness, leading to the additional displacement of ram. This total deformation of ram directly affects the machining accuracy of vertical lathe. To this end, we employ computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and fluid–structure interaction (FSI) to predict the total deformation behavior of ram. The prediction results show that the total deformation is maximum when overhang length of ram is 1400&#xa0;mm. Additionally, the fixed constraints are adjusted to oil film positions to indirectly evaluate the additional displacement of ram. The additional displacement primarily arises from the insufficient bearing capacity of oil film at the lower sealing edge. And the proportion of additional displacement in the total deformation can reach up to 5.70%. To verify the total deformation behavior of ram, deformation experiment is conducted. The experimental result shows that the total deformations of experiment exhibit good agreement with simulation. To reduce weight and deformation, this paper conducts the structural optimization design of ram. The guideway mass is reduced by 107.6&#xa0;kg using topology optimization method under the influence of oil film pressure. The addition of rib to the overhang part of ram achieves a maximum reduction of 10.42% in total deformation. The deformation is effectively reduced, and the additional displacement of original ram is compensated. The methodology in this paper provides theoretical support for improving bearing stiffness and machining accuracy of vertical lathe.</p>

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Deformation behavior prediction and structural optimization of vertical hydrostatic guideway ram in vertical lathe

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月30日

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  • Weicheng Gao,
  • Xiaodong Yu,
  • Peng Wang,
  • Hui Jiang

摘要

Under the influence of heavy cutting load, the significant deformation of vertical hydrostatic guideway ram of vertical lathe will occur. Furthermore, the eccentric load can further cause uneven oil film thickness, leading to the additional displacement of ram. This total deformation of ram directly affects the machining accuracy of vertical lathe. To this end, we employ computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and fluid–structure interaction (FSI) to predict the total deformation behavior of ram. The prediction results show that the total deformation is maximum when overhang length of ram is 1400 mm. Additionally, the fixed constraints are adjusted to oil film positions to indirectly evaluate the additional displacement of ram. The additional displacement primarily arises from the insufficient bearing capacity of oil film at the lower sealing edge. And the proportion of additional displacement in the total deformation can reach up to 5.70%. To verify the total deformation behavior of ram, deformation experiment is conducted. The experimental result shows that the total deformations of experiment exhibit good agreement with simulation. To reduce weight and deformation, this paper conducts the structural optimization design of ram. The guideway mass is reduced by 107.6 kg using topology optimization method under the influence of oil film pressure. The addition of rib to the overhang part of ram achieves a maximum reduction of 10.42% in total deformation. The deformation is effectively reduced, and the additional displacement of original ram is compensated. The methodology in this paper provides theoretical support for improving bearing stiffness and machining accuracy of vertical lathe.