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<p>Pure electric vehicle drive systems employ batteries as energy sources and permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) as propulsion units, with gear mechanisms constituting the transmission system to form a multi-energy-domain system. Conventional analysis methods prove inadequate for investigating this configuration due to its cross-domain complexity and incompletely understood dynamic interactions. This study develops a bond graph-based electromechanical coupling model that systematically integrates nonlinear gear transmission characteristics with PMSM dynamics, explicitly addressing energy interactions between electrical and mechanical subsystems. Using the co-simulation model, the dynamic responses of the mechanical subsystem and the electric drive subsystem of the pure electric vehicle under complex dynamic excitations such as motor speed, tooth surface friction, and backlash are analyzed. Through numerical investigations of complex dynamic excitations including motor speed fluctuations, tooth surface friction, and transmission clearances, the analysis reveals significant bidirectional interactions between subsystems. The results demonstrate that key mechanical components (particularly gear tooth friction characteristics) exert substantial impacts on both transient electrical responses and vibrational energy propagation. This modeling approach provides new insights into cross-domain coupling mechanisms, offering theoretical support for optimizing dynamic performance and developing condition monitoring strategies in electric vehicle drive systems.</p>

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Bond graph modeling of electric vehicle drive system considering electromechanical coupling effect

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月11日

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  • Qingqing Chen,
  • Rui Xu,
  • Jiabao Shen,
  • Minghui Xu,
  • Jiabao Pan,
  • Jing Zhang,
  • Jiugen Wang

摘要

Pure electric vehicle drive systems employ batteries as energy sources and permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) as propulsion units, with gear mechanisms constituting the transmission system to form a multi-energy-domain system. Conventional analysis methods prove inadequate for investigating this configuration due to its cross-domain complexity and incompletely understood dynamic interactions. This study develops a bond graph-based electromechanical coupling model that systematically integrates nonlinear gear transmission characteristics with PMSM dynamics, explicitly addressing energy interactions between electrical and mechanical subsystems. Using the co-simulation model, the dynamic responses of the mechanical subsystem and the electric drive subsystem of the pure electric vehicle under complex dynamic excitations such as motor speed, tooth surface friction, and backlash are analyzed. Through numerical investigations of complex dynamic excitations including motor speed fluctuations, tooth surface friction, and transmission clearances, the analysis reveals significant bidirectional interactions between subsystems. The results demonstrate that key mechanical components (particularly gear tooth friction characteristics) exert substantial impacts on both transient electrical responses and vibrational energy propagation. This modeling approach provides new insights into cross-domain coupling mechanisms, offering theoretical support for optimizing dynamic performance and developing condition monitoring strategies in electric vehicle drive systems.