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<p>Hovercrafts are known to produce excessive noise during operation, and the experimentally measured overall sound pressure level (OASPL) noise of the propeller is as high as 115&#xa0;dB, which causes significant disturbances to surrounding residents and the environment. To address the research gap concerning noise issues associated with air-ducted propellers used in hovercrafts and other related fields, this article aims to investigate the impact of the clearance between the blade tips and the ducted on the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of the air propeller in the hovercraft. The aerodynamic and acoustic performance of the air propeller is evaluated using large eddy simulation (LES) and the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings (FW–H) acoustic model, and the difference between numerical calculations and experiments is less than 3&#xa0;dB. Results suggest that smaller tip clearance effectively reduces propeller noise without sacrificing aerodynamic performance. The maximum overall sound pressure level is reduced by 9.7&#xa0;dB, while a reduction of 4.84&#xa0;dB is observed at the blade passing frequency (BPF). However, increasing the tip clearance amplifies the downstream evolution of propeller wake vortices, resulting in a deterioration of the aerodynamic and acoustic performance of the propeller. This finding explains the mechanism by which tip clearance affects propeller noise and offers significant guidance for the future design and optimization of air propellers.</p>

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Numerical prediction of noise reduction solution on hovercraft propellers using LES and FW–H methods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月20日

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  • Bo Chen,
  • Jingting Liu,
  • Yongxing Song,
  • Songying Chen

摘要

Hovercrafts are known to produce excessive noise during operation, and the experimentally measured overall sound pressure level (OASPL) noise of the propeller is as high as 115 dB, which causes significant disturbances to surrounding residents and the environment. To address the research gap concerning noise issues associated with air-ducted propellers used in hovercrafts and other related fields, this article aims to investigate the impact of the clearance between the blade tips and the ducted on the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of the air propeller in the hovercraft. The aerodynamic and acoustic performance of the air propeller is evaluated using large eddy simulation (LES) and the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings (FW–H) acoustic model, and the difference between numerical calculations and experiments is less than 3 dB. Results suggest that smaller tip clearance effectively reduces propeller noise without sacrificing aerodynamic performance. The maximum overall sound pressure level is reduced by 9.7 dB, while a reduction of 4.84 dB is observed at the blade passing frequency (BPF). However, increasing the tip clearance amplifies the downstream evolution of propeller wake vortices, resulting in a deterioration of the aerodynamic and acoustic performance of the propeller. This finding explains the mechanism by which tip clearance affects propeller noise and offers significant guidance for the future design and optimization of air propellers.