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<p>Directional control valves are crucial components in hydraulic systems, regulating fluid flow to actuators in various applications such as mobile equipment, industrial machinery, and construction equipment. However, pressure losses within these valves, particularly in the <i>P</i>–<i>T</i> line, can significantly impact system efficiency. This study investigates pressure losses in a 4/3-way monoblock directional control valve through a combination of experimental and numerical methods. Pressure loss sources, including flow separation, vortices, and sharp turns, were analysed numerically for spool jet angles of 90°, 75°, 60°, and 45°. Experiments were conducted with a 90° spool jet angle at mass flow rates ranging from 30 to 60 lpm. Optimizing the spool jet angle and cavity geometry reduces pressure losses in the <i>P</i>–<i>T</i> line by up to 30%. The highest pressure drop occurs at a 90° jet angle. Reducing the angle to 60° results in the most significant pressure drop. However, further decreasing the angle beyond 60° yields diminishing returns in pressure loss reduction. This research provides valuable insights into minimizing pressure losses in hydraulic directional control valves, leading to improved system efficiency and overall performance.</p>

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Examination of flow in the monoblock directional valve: from pump to tank

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月14日

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  • Ali Kibar,
  • Y. Selim Korkmaz,
  • K. Suleyman Yigit

摘要

Directional control valves are crucial components in hydraulic systems, regulating fluid flow to actuators in various applications such as mobile equipment, industrial machinery, and construction equipment. However, pressure losses within these valves, particularly in the P–T line, can significantly impact system efficiency. This study investigates pressure losses in a 4/3-way monoblock directional control valve through a combination of experimental and numerical methods. Pressure loss sources, including flow separation, vortices, and sharp turns, were analysed numerically for spool jet angles of 90°, 75°, 60°, and 45°. Experiments were conducted with a 90° spool jet angle at mass flow rates ranging from 30 to 60 lpm. Optimizing the spool jet angle and cavity geometry reduces pressure losses in the P–T line by up to 30%. The highest pressure drop occurs at a 90° jet angle. Reducing the angle to 60° results in the most significant pressure drop. However, further decreasing the angle beyond 60° yields diminishing returns in pressure loss reduction. This research provides valuable insights into minimizing pressure losses in hydraulic directional control valves, leading to improved system efficiency and overall performance.