<p>Recent developments in nanotechnology result in an ultrahigh-performance coolant, commonly known as nanofluid, which finds applications in various industrial and engineering fields. In this study, effects of entropy generation, thermophoretic, and viscous dissipation on radiative mixed convective flow of a hybrid nanofluid, constituting Cu, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40430_2025_5422_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\textrm{Al}}_2{\textrm{O}}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>Al</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and water as base fluid, flowing on an inclined permeable moving flat plate in the presence of a magnetic field have been studied. The physical model characterizing the flow accounts for an electromagnetic resistivity force arising out of the interaction of conducting hybrid nanofluid with an externally applied magnetic field. An interesting aspect of the present study is to encompass the effect of entropy generation. The boundary value problem consists of a set of nonlinear partial differential equations, which are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations in the process of non-dimensionalization and similarity transformation. The numerical method involving the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method with shooting technique has been applied to solve the system of equations with MATLAB built-in solver bvp4c to bring out the following important effects of the parameters involved in the flow, heat, and mass transport processes. The higher volume fraction of hybrid nanofluid component decreases the temperature as well as molar concentration at the bounding surface, in turn, acts as a coolant and ingredients favoring low surface deposit. The entropy generation in the thermal system commensurate with the Brinkman number, i.e., the decrease in Brinkman number, leads to sharp reduction in entropy generation in the sheared layers, i.e., near the boundary. The reduction in entropy generation enhances the thermodynamic efficiency of heating and refrigeration processes. Moreover, quantifying the entropy generation is a measure of irreversibility and design requirement.</p>

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Entropy generation and porosity effects on MHD hybrid nanofluid mixed convective flow over an inclined plate in the presence of thermophoresis and heat flux

  • Chandra Sekhar Sahoo,
  • Bharat Keshari Swain,
  • Manjula Das,
  • G. C. Dash

摘要

Recent developments in nanotechnology result in an ultrahigh-performance coolant, commonly known as nanofluid, which finds applications in various industrial and engineering fields. In this study, effects of entropy generation, thermophoretic, and viscous dissipation on radiative mixed convective flow of a hybrid nanofluid, constituting Cu, \({\textrm{Al}}_2{\textrm{O}}_3\) Al 2 O 3 and water as base fluid, flowing on an inclined permeable moving flat plate in the presence of a magnetic field have been studied. The physical model characterizing the flow accounts for an electromagnetic resistivity force arising out of the interaction of conducting hybrid nanofluid with an externally applied magnetic field. An interesting aspect of the present study is to encompass the effect of entropy generation. The boundary value problem consists of a set of nonlinear partial differential equations, which are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations in the process of non-dimensionalization and similarity transformation. The numerical method involving the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method with shooting technique has been applied to solve the system of equations with MATLAB built-in solver bvp4c to bring out the following important effects of the parameters involved in the flow, heat, and mass transport processes. The higher volume fraction of hybrid nanofluid component decreases the temperature as well as molar concentration at the bounding surface, in turn, acts as a coolant and ingredients favoring low surface deposit. The entropy generation in the thermal system commensurate with the Brinkman number, i.e., the decrease in Brinkman number, leads to sharp reduction in entropy generation in the sheared layers, i.e., near the boundary. The reduction in entropy generation enhances the thermodynamic efficiency of heating and refrigeration processes. Moreover, quantifying the entropy generation is a measure of irreversibility and design requirement.