Optimization study of helical wind angle and bandwidth for high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels based on surrogate model

This paper presents a lightweight design of the winding layer of Type IV hydrogen storage vessel, focusing on two key factors: winding angle and winding bandwidth. For a specific 70 MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel, an accurate finite element analysis model was established using cubic spline functions and netting theory. An optimization method combining surrogate modeling and finite element simulation was proposed. By iteratively constructing surrogate models, a design scheme with the minimum mass of the vessel in the target space was obtained. Furthermore, the influence of different winding bandwidths on the winding layer was studied, and an optimization method based on a mixed winding with multi-bandwidth was proposed. The results show that the surrogate model has high approximation accuracy. After the first optimization step, the mass of the vessel reduced by 1.159 kg. By combining the two optimization methods, the mass of the vessel was further significantly reduced by 2.498 kg.