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<p>There is a global trend towards reducing the number of natural environments and the increase in biota homogenization. Consequently, pollinators, including hummingbirds, are forced to explore novel ecosystems seeking floral resources. Aiming to understand how urbanization influences the complex network structure between pollinators and flowers, we sampled hummingbird-plant interactions in six urban areas from the historical city of Diamantina-MG, Brazil. These results were compared to a natural plant-hummingbird community from a preserved area in the city's surroundings. Seven species of hummingbirds were identified visiting flowers of nine exotic plant species in Diamantina urban areas. With an exclusively territorial behavior, <i>Eupetomena macroura</i> (Gmelin <CitationRef CitationID="CR71">1788</CitationRef>) was the most common hummingbird species in the urban area, in contrast to the natural area where the endemic and territorial <i>Augastes scutatus</i> (Temminck <CitationRef CitationID="CR73">1824</CitationRef>) was the most frequent species. The interaction network in Diamantina presented a non-nested structure with low modularity and specialization. We found that most hummingbird species in the nearby natural area persisted in the urban area; however, the visited flora was drastically replaced by exotic species, creating a novel urban ecosystem. In this novel urban ecosystem, the established hummingbird community presented a structure different from the regional pool from which birds came. Our results support the need for more native plant species in urban gardens and greener cities to support regional biodiversity and sustainability.</p>

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Novel urban ecosystems can provide resources during the dry season and change plant-hummingbird community structure: a case study of Diamantina-MG, Brazil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Welkley Barbosa,
  • Marsal Danrlei Amorim,
  • Victor H. D. Silva,
  • Xin Xu,
  • Zong-Xin Ren,
  • André Rodrigo Rech

摘要

There is a global trend towards reducing the number of natural environments and the increase in biota homogenization. Consequently, pollinators, including hummingbirds, are forced to explore novel ecosystems seeking floral resources. Aiming to understand how urbanization influences the complex network structure between pollinators and flowers, we sampled hummingbird-plant interactions in six urban areas from the historical city of Diamantina-MG, Brazil. These results were compared to a natural plant-hummingbird community from a preserved area in the city's surroundings. Seven species of hummingbirds were identified visiting flowers of nine exotic plant species in Diamantina urban areas. With an exclusively territorial behavior, Eupetomena macroura (Gmelin 1788) was the most common hummingbird species in the urban area, in contrast to the natural area where the endemic and territorial Augastes scutatus (Temminck 1824) was the most frequent species. The interaction network in Diamantina presented a non-nested structure with low modularity and specialization. We found that most hummingbird species in the nearby natural area persisted in the urban area; however, the visited flora was drastically replaced by exotic species, creating a novel urban ecosystem. In this novel urban ecosystem, the established hummingbird community presented a structure different from the regional pool from which birds came. Our results support the need for more native plant species in urban gardens and greener cities to support regional biodiversity and sustainability.