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Purpose <p>To compare the efficacy of resin-based sealants (RBS) and glass-ionomer sealants (GIS) with varying viscosities on retention, fissure penetration and occlusal caries inhibition under simulated oral conditions. </p> Methods <p>Extracted human third molars were randomly assigned to five groups: high-viscosity GIS (Group 1), medium-viscosity GIS (Group 2), low-viscosity GIS (Group 3), RBS (Group 4), and no sealant (Group 5, negative control). Sealant retention was evaluated visually after 37 °C water storage and thermocycling of 10,000 cycles between 5 and 55&#xa0;°C with a dwell time of 20&#xa0;s, whilst penetration depth was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mineral density changes (ΔMDV) following pH cycling for 21 days and bacterial challenge with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> for 7 days were quantified using micro-CT scans. Statistical analysis included Kruskal–Wallis tests, Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> tests with Bonferroni correction, Chi-square tests, Spearman’s correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses.</p> Results <p>All sealants exhibited optimal retention (&gt; 83% fully intact) without significant differences (<i>p</i> = 0.494). RBS demonstrated superior penetration (median: 100%), significantly higher than high-viscosity GIS (median: 90.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.003). RBS also provided the greatest protection against mineral loss under both pH cycling (IQR: 0.0252) and bacterial challenges (IQR: 0.0349), exhibiting significantly lower ΔMDV compared to majority of the GIS groups and the negative control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between sealant penetration or retention and ΔMDV outcomes.</p> Conclusions <p>All sealants showed effective retention and penetration capabilities; however, the RBS provided superior caries inhibition compared to glass-ionomer alternatives. The effectiveness of GIS was comparable amongst varying viscosities.</p>

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Efficacy of resin-based and glass-ionomer sealants in retention, fissure penetration, and occlusal caries inhibition: an in vitro study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • S. H. C. Yeh,
  • M. M. A. Abdalla,
  • P. P. Y. Lam,
  • C. K. Y. Yiu

摘要

Purpose

To compare the efficacy of resin-based sealants (RBS) and glass-ionomer sealants (GIS) with varying viscosities on retention, fissure penetration and occlusal caries inhibition under simulated oral conditions.

Methods

Extracted human third molars were randomly assigned to five groups: high-viscosity GIS (Group 1), medium-viscosity GIS (Group 2), low-viscosity GIS (Group 3), RBS (Group 4), and no sealant (Group 5, negative control). Sealant retention was evaluated visually after 37 °C water storage and thermocycling of 10,000 cycles between 5 and 55 °C with a dwell time of 20 s, whilst penetration depth was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mineral density changes (ΔMDV) following pH cycling for 21 days and bacterial challenge with Streptococcus mutans for 7 days were quantified using micro-CT scans. Statistical analysis included Kruskal–Wallis tests, Mann–Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction, Chi-square tests, Spearman’s correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses.

Results

All sealants exhibited optimal retention (> 83% fully intact) without significant differences (p = 0.494). RBS demonstrated superior penetration (median: 100%), significantly higher than high-viscosity GIS (median: 90.5%, p = 0.003). RBS also provided the greatest protection against mineral loss under both pH cycling (IQR: 0.0252) and bacterial challenges (IQR: 0.0349), exhibiting significantly lower ΔMDV compared to majority of the GIS groups and the negative control (p < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between sealant penetration or retention and ΔMDV outcomes.

Conclusions

All sealants showed effective retention and penetration capabilities; however, the RBS provided superior caries inhibition compared to glass-ionomer alternatives. The effectiveness of GIS was comparable amongst varying viscosities.