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<p>Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) represents the current standard procedure for regional nodal staging in patients with clinically localized cutaneous melanoma. This AIMN practical guide provides an updated overview of the role of nuclear medicine in the sentinel lymph node procedure, integrating recommendations from major international guidelines and current clinical practice. The document describes indications, contraindications, radiopharmaceuticals, and technical aspects of lymphoscintigraphy, including radiotracer administration, imaging protocols, and interpretation criteria. Particular attention is devoted to the contribution of hybrid imaging techniques, especially SPECT/CT, which improve sentinel node detection and anatomical localization, thereby facilitating surgical planning. The guide also addresses intraoperative radioguided detection using handheld gamma probes, as well as relevant radiation safety considerations. By standardizing preoperative mapping and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration between nuclear medicine physicians and surgeons, these recommendations aim to optimize diagnostic accuracy and enhance the clinical management of melanoma patients undergoing SLNB.</p>

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Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapy (AIMN) practical guide for lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Gianpiero Manca,
  • Eleonora Vanzi,
  • Alessia Giuliano,
  • Marco Maccauro,
  • Viviana Frantellizzi,
  • Giusi Pisano,
  • Duccio Volterrani

摘要

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) represents the current standard procedure for regional nodal staging in patients with clinically localized cutaneous melanoma. This AIMN practical guide provides an updated overview of the role of nuclear medicine in the sentinel lymph node procedure, integrating recommendations from major international guidelines and current clinical practice. The document describes indications, contraindications, radiopharmaceuticals, and technical aspects of lymphoscintigraphy, including radiotracer administration, imaging protocols, and interpretation criteria. Particular attention is devoted to the contribution of hybrid imaging techniques, especially SPECT/CT, which improve sentinel node detection and anatomical localization, thereby facilitating surgical planning. The guide also addresses intraoperative radioguided detection using handheld gamma probes, as well as relevant radiation safety considerations. By standardizing preoperative mapping and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration between nuclear medicine physicians and surgeons, these recommendations aim to optimize diagnostic accuracy and enhance the clinical management of melanoma patients undergoing SLNB.