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<p>Climate change in High Mountain Asia (HMA) is characterized by elevation dependence, which results in vertical zoning of vegetation distribution. However, few studies have been conducted on the distribution patterns of vegetation, the response of vegetation to climate change, and the key climatic control factors of vegetation along the elevation gradient in this region. In this study, based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation index (NDVI), we investigated the evolution pattern of vegetation in HMA during 2001–2020 using linear trend and Bayesian Estimator of Abrupt change, Seasonality, and Trend (BEAST) methods. Pearson correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to explore the response relationship between vegetation and climatic factors along the elevation gradient. Path analysis was employed to quantitatively reveal the dominant climatic factors affecting vegetation distribution along the elevation gradient. The results showed that NDVI in HMA increased at a rate of 0.011/10a from 2001 to 2020, and the rate of increase abruptly slowed down after 2017. NDVI showed a fluctuating increase at elevation zones 1–2 (&lt;2500 m) and then decreased at elevation zones 3–9 (2500–6000 m) with the increase of elevation. NDVI was most sensitive to precipitation and temperature at a 1-month lag. With the increase of elevation, the positive response relationship of NDVI with precipitation gradually weakened, while that of NDVI with temperature was the opposite. The total effect coefficient of precipitation (0.95) on vegetation was larger than that of temperature (0.87), indicating that precipitation is the dominant control factor affecting vegetation growth. Spacially, vegetation growth is jointly influenced by precipitation and temperature, but the influence of precipitation on vegetation growth is dominant at each elevation zone. The results of this study contribute to understanding how the elevation gradient effect influences the response of vegetation to climate change in alpine ecosystems.</p>

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Response of vegetation to climate change along the elevation gradient in High Mountain Asia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Bing He,
  • Ying Li,
  • Fan Gao,
  • Hailiang Xu,
  • Bin Wu,
  • Pengnian Yang,
  • Jingya Ban,
  • Zeyi Liu,
  • Kun Liu,
  • Fanghong Han,
  • Zhenghu Ma,
  • Lu Wang

摘要

Climate change in High Mountain Asia (HMA) is characterized by elevation dependence, which results in vertical zoning of vegetation distribution. However, few studies have been conducted on the distribution patterns of vegetation, the response of vegetation to climate change, and the key climatic control factors of vegetation along the elevation gradient in this region. In this study, based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation index (NDVI), we investigated the evolution pattern of vegetation in HMA during 2001–2020 using linear trend and Bayesian Estimator of Abrupt change, Seasonality, and Trend (BEAST) methods. Pearson correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to explore the response relationship between vegetation and climatic factors along the elevation gradient. Path analysis was employed to quantitatively reveal the dominant climatic factors affecting vegetation distribution along the elevation gradient. The results showed that NDVI in HMA increased at a rate of 0.011/10a from 2001 to 2020, and the rate of increase abruptly slowed down after 2017. NDVI showed a fluctuating increase at elevation zones 1–2 (<2500 m) and then decreased at elevation zones 3–9 (2500–6000 m) with the increase of elevation. NDVI was most sensitive to precipitation and temperature at a 1-month lag. With the increase of elevation, the positive response relationship of NDVI with precipitation gradually weakened, while that of NDVI with temperature was the opposite. The total effect coefficient of precipitation (0.95) on vegetation was larger than that of temperature (0.87), indicating that precipitation is the dominant control factor affecting vegetation growth. Spacially, vegetation growth is jointly influenced by precipitation and temperature, but the influence of precipitation on vegetation growth is dominant at each elevation zone. The results of this study contribute to understanding how the elevation gradient effect influences the response of vegetation to climate change in alpine ecosystems.