“Jiskefet”

Article 2.23 of the Benelux Convention on Intellectual Property (BCIP) restricts rather than extends the rights of the trade mark proprietor. Thus, when the use of a sign does not constitute an infringement on any of the grounds of Art. 2.20(2)(a)–(d) BCIP, the trade mark owner cannot claim infringement on the grounds of Art. 2.23(1) BCIP.