<p>Let either <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k(t):= |P_k(e^{it})|^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">it</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> or <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k(t):= |Q_k(e^{it})|^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="italic">it</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(P_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Q_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are the usual Rudin–Shapiro polynomials of degree <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n-1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n=2^k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The graphs of the trigonometric polynomials<InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on the period suggest many zeros of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k(t)-n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in a dense fashion on the period. Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal N}(I,R_k-n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">N</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denote the number of zeros, counted with multiplicities, of the trigonometric polynomial <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_k-n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in an interval <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(I:= [\alpha ,\beta ] \subset [0,2\pi )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>I</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo>⊂</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Improving earlier results proved only for the interval <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(I:= [0,2\pi )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>I</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, in this paper we show that <Equation ID="Equ11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{n|I|}{8\pi } - \frac{2}{\pi } (2n\log n)^{1/2} - 1 \le N(I,R_k-n) \le \frac{n|I|}{\pi } + \frac{8}{\pi }(2n\log n)^{1/2},\quad k \ge 2,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>8</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> <mo>log</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>π</mi> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>8</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> <mo>log</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>k</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>for every interval <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(I:= [\alpha ,\beta ] \subset [0,2\pi )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>I</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo>⊂</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(|I| = \beta -\alpha \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denotes the length of the interval <i>I</i>.</p>

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On the Oscillation of the Modulus of the Rudin–Shapiro Polynomials Around the Middle of Their Ranges

  • Tamás Erdélyi

摘要

Let either \(R_k(t):= |P_k(e^{it})|^2\) R k ( t ) : = | P k ( e it ) | 2 or \(R_k(t):= |Q_k(e^{it})|^2\) R k ( t ) : = | Q k ( e it ) | 2 , where \(P_k\) P k and \(Q_k\) Q k are the usual Rudin–Shapiro polynomials of degree \(n-1\) n - 1 with \(n=2^k\) n = 2 k . The graphs of the trigonometric polynomials \(R_k\) R k on the period suggest many zeros of \(R_k(t)-n\) R k ( t ) - n in a dense fashion on the period. Let \({\mathcal N}(I,R_k-n)\) N ( I , R k - n ) denote the number of zeros, counted with multiplicities, of the trigonometric polynomial \(R_k-n\) R k - n in an interval \(I:= [\alpha ,\beta ] \subset [0,2\pi )\) I : = [ α , β ] [ 0 , 2 π ) . Improving earlier results proved only for the interval \(I:= [0,2\pi )\) I : = [ 0 , 2 π ) , in this paper we show that \(\frac{n|I|}{8\pi } - \frac{2}{\pi } (2n\log n)^{1/2} - 1 \le N(I,R_k-n) \le \frac{n|I|}{\pi } + \frac{8}{\pi }(2n\log n)^{1/2},\quad k \ge 2,\) n | I | 8 π - 2 π ( 2 n log n ) 1 / 2 - 1 N ( I , R k - n ) n | I | π + 8 π ( 2 n log n ) 1 / 2 , k 2 , for every interval \(I:= [\alpha ,\beta ] \subset [0,2\pi )\) I : = [ α , β ] [ 0 , 2 π ) , where \(|I| = \beta -\alpha \) | I | = β - α denotes the length of the interval I.