A citizen co-designed approach to combat water scarcity using complex spherical linear Diophantine fuzzy sets

Effective decision-making in water resilience management, particularly with citizen co-design integration, is essential for fostering sustainable futures. This study addresses this necessity by focusing on the ranking of various water resilience management plans in Thailand, a task characterized by multifaceted complexities. We identify limitations within existing methodologies, notably constraints posed by conventional frameworks such as Ct-SFSs and SLDFSs in accommodating nuanced parameters. While these frameworks establish conceptual foundations, their inherent restrictions impede efficacy across diverse decision-making scenarios. To overcome these challenges, we introduce the innovative concept of complex spherical linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (CSLDFSs), adept at navigating situations where parameter aggregation exceeds predetermined thresholds. The CSLDFS paradigm offers decision-makers enhanced flexibility and adaptability, providing a robust foundation for addressing uncertainty. Through comprehensive comparative analyses, we demonstrate the superiority and practical utility of the CSLDFS framework, including its extensions with complex spherical linear Diophantine fuzzy weighted averaging and complex spherical linear Diophantine fuzzy weighted geometric operators, particularly in real-world group decision-making scenarios. Furthermore, comparisons with prevailing methodologies underscore the distinct advantages offered by our approach in addressing multifaceted challenges inherent in water resilience management with citizen co-design in Thailand.