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<p>The rising energy demand necessitates an expansion of electrical networks, increasing their complexity and susceptibility to faults. To mitigate fault impacts, researchers focus on advanced control and protection systems. A smart fault current controller (SFCC) has been proposed to minimize the effects of short-circuit faults. The function of this device is specifically designed to handle three-phase-to-ground faults only. It is not applicable for open-circuit fault scenarios or other types of electrical short-circuit faults. This work introduces a novel power circuit and a control algorithm for the SFCC, enhancing fault management in electrical networks. The proposed power circuit consists of seven electronic switches (three uncontrolled and four controlled). Despite this configuration, the control algorithm remains simple and is implemented using a microcontroller. The SFCC, incorporating the proposed power circuit and algorithm, demonstrates high efficiency in mitigating short-circuit faults within smart grids. The SFCC exhibits a response time of under 20&#xa0;ms, which is 20% faster than conventional electronic relay-based circuit breakers (typically 25&#xa0;ms). The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed system were validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations under two scenarios: a test circuit and a smart grid. Simulation results confirm the SFCC’s robust performance in reducing short-circuit fault impacts.</p>

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Reliability Performance Enhancement Based on Smart Fault Current Controller for Smart Grid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • M. Nasrallah,
  • Ahmed Abdelaleem,
  • Mohamed A. Ismeil,
  • Mohammed Gamal,
  • G. El-Saady

摘要

The rising energy demand necessitates an expansion of electrical networks, increasing their complexity and susceptibility to faults. To mitigate fault impacts, researchers focus on advanced control and protection systems. A smart fault current controller (SFCC) has been proposed to minimize the effects of short-circuit faults. The function of this device is specifically designed to handle three-phase-to-ground faults only. It is not applicable for open-circuit fault scenarios or other types of electrical short-circuit faults. This work introduces a novel power circuit and a control algorithm for the SFCC, enhancing fault management in electrical networks. The proposed power circuit consists of seven electronic switches (three uncontrolled and four controlled). Despite this configuration, the control algorithm remains simple and is implemented using a microcontroller. The SFCC, incorporating the proposed power circuit and algorithm, demonstrates high efficiency in mitigating short-circuit faults within smart grids. The SFCC exhibits a response time of under 20 ms, which is 20% faster than conventional electronic relay-based circuit breakers (typically 25 ms). The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed system were validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations under two scenarios: a test circuit and a smart grid. Simulation results confirm the SFCC’s robust performance in reducing short-circuit fault impacts.