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<p>Iran ranks among the hottest countries in the world, offering high potential for solar energy absorption, making the use of solar power plants viable. One critical challenge in implementing solar power plants is site selection. This article aims to identify optimal locations for solar power plant construction through a case study in Kermanshah province. To achieve this goal, a two-step method was developed to evaluate the suitability of potential solar power plant sites. In the first step, initial input and output factors were identified through a literature review. The extended stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) method was then employed to determine the most relevant factors based on expert opinions. The input factors selected were air temperature, precipitation, and wind speed, while the output factors were elevation and irradiation, chosen for their importance as influential factors. In the second step, the performance of 14 potential solar power plant sites was assessed using data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. The results revealed that six locations—Sarpol-e Zahab, Mahidasht, Qasr-e Shirin, Kerend-e Gharb, Sonqor, and Harsin—exhibited both total and scale efficiency. Additionally, seven locations—Islamabad-e Gharb, Sarpol-e Zahab, Mahidasht, Qasr-e Shirin, Kerend-e Gharb, Sonqor, and Harsin—exhibited technical efficiency.</p>

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A Two-Stage Approach Based on Extended SWARA and DEA Methods for the Optimal Location of Solar Power Plants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Navid Rafiei,
  • Farzad Amiri,
  • Shohreh Rafiei

摘要

Iran ranks among the hottest countries in the world, offering high potential for solar energy absorption, making the use of solar power plants viable. One critical challenge in implementing solar power plants is site selection. This article aims to identify optimal locations for solar power plant construction through a case study in Kermanshah province. To achieve this goal, a two-step method was developed to evaluate the suitability of potential solar power plant sites. In the first step, initial input and output factors were identified through a literature review. The extended stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) method was then employed to determine the most relevant factors based on expert opinions. The input factors selected were air temperature, precipitation, and wind speed, while the output factors were elevation and irradiation, chosen for their importance as influential factors. In the second step, the performance of 14 potential solar power plant sites was assessed using data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. The results revealed that six locations—Sarpol-e Zahab, Mahidasht, Qasr-e Shirin, Kerend-e Gharb, Sonqor, and Harsin—exhibited both total and scale efficiency. Additionally, seven locations—Islamabad-e Gharb, Sarpol-e Zahab, Mahidasht, Qasr-e Shirin, Kerend-e Gharb, Sonqor, and Harsin—exhibited technical efficiency.