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Background <p>Numerous physiological factors can contribute to endurance performance. Among them, active muscle mass engaged in an exercise task has been postulated to alter fatigue.</p> Objective <p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of active muscle mass on endurance performance and neuromuscular fatigue.</p> Methods <p>PubMed, EMBASE, SPORT Discus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases were searched using a combination of terms relating to the intervention (muscle mass) and outcomes. This review was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42022304793).</p> Results <p>A total of 19 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis of the systematic review, with 17 in the meta-analysis. Whereas time-to-task failure was not different between active muscle mass exercises (Hedges’ g: 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.39, 1.15, <i>p</i> = 0.317), the decline in maximal force-generating capacity after closed- and open-ended tasks was greater following smaller muscle mass exercise (Hedges’ <i>g</i>: − 1.26, 95% CI − 2.0, − 0.50, <i>p</i> = 0.001). The greater decline in maximal force was likely due to a greater deterioration of muscle contractile function (reflected in decreased electrically evoked twitch force) following smaller muscle mass exercise (Hedges’ <i>g</i>: − 1.37, 95% CI − 2.34, − 0.44, <i>p</i> = 0.002), with a small contribution from differences in voluntary activation (Hedges’ <i>g</i>: − 0.28, 95% CI − 0.73, − 0.03, <i>p</i> = 0.034).</p> Conclusions <p>Overall, endurance performance was the same in response to small versus large muscle mass exercise, while muscle contractile capacity and voluntary activation were reduced to a greater extent following small muscle mass exercise. Individuals can tolerate greater muscle metabolic perturbations with a smaller amount of active muscle mass.</p>

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The Role of Muscle Mass in Endurance Performance and Neuromuscular Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月31日

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  • Jenny Zhang,
  • Aaron Z. Pearson,
  • Micah Grunau,
  • Danilo Iannetta,
  • Guillaume Y. Millet,
  • Saied Jalal Aboodarda

摘要

Background

Numerous physiological factors can contribute to endurance performance. Among them, active muscle mass engaged in an exercise task has been postulated to alter fatigue.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of active muscle mass on endurance performance and neuromuscular fatigue.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, SPORT Discus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases were searched using a combination of terms relating to the intervention (muscle mass) and outcomes. This review was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42022304793).

Results

A total of 19 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis of the systematic review, with 17 in the meta-analysis. Whereas time-to-task failure was not different between active muscle mass exercises (Hedges’ g: 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.39, 1.15, p = 0.317), the decline in maximal force-generating capacity after closed- and open-ended tasks was greater following smaller muscle mass exercise (Hedges’ g: − 1.26, 95% CI − 2.0, − 0.50, p = 0.001). The greater decline in maximal force was likely due to a greater deterioration of muscle contractile function (reflected in decreased electrically evoked twitch force) following smaller muscle mass exercise (Hedges’ g: − 1.37, 95% CI − 2.34, − 0.44, p = 0.002), with a small contribution from differences in voluntary activation (Hedges’ g: − 0.28, 95% CI − 0.73, − 0.03, p = 0.034).

Conclusions

Overall, endurance performance was the same in response to small versus large muscle mass exercise, while muscle contractile capacity and voluntary activation were reduced to a greater extent following small muscle mass exercise. Individuals can tolerate greater muscle metabolic perturbations with a smaller amount of active muscle mass.