<p>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants and represents a significant clinical concern. Efforts to develop effective treatments for RSV LRTI have faced challenges, with no RSV-specific antiviral medications currently available, turning most of the focus to prevention strategies. For more than two decades, palivizumab (Synagis^®), a monoclonal antibody targeted against the RSV fusion protein, was the only medication licensed for the prevention of RSV infection in infants; however, with the restriction of its approval to select infants at high risk of serious RSV LRTI, together with high costs limiting its widespread use, there remained an unmet clinical need. In recent years, there have been big advances in prevention strategies against RSV LRTI in infants and children. Nirsevimab (Beyfortus^®), a long-acting monoclonal antibody, was the first medication for the prevention of RSV to be licensed for use in all infants in their first RSV season. Subsequently, RSVpreF (Abrysvo^®) became the first maternal vaccine to be granted licensure for the prevention of RSV in children.</p>