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<p>The transition to sustainable energy has driven extensive research into perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as promising candidates for next-generation photovoltaics. Despite their remarkable efficiencies, the commercialization of PSCs remains hindered by lead toxicity and material instability. In this study, we investigate a lead-free samarium-based double perovskite oxide, Sm<sub>2</sub>NiMnO<sub>6</sub> (SNMO), as the active absorber layer in an innovative inverted, hole transport layer (HTL)-free PSC architecture. Using SCAPS-1D simulations, we optimized the device configuration and achieved&#xa0;a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.93%, with an open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>) of 0.8&#xa0;V, a short-circuit current density (J<sub>SC</sub>) of 16.46&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>, and a fill factor (FF) of 82.14%. Notably, increasing the SNMO absorber thickness enhanced light absorption in the red spectral region, shifting the external quantum efficiency (EQE) peak from 380&#xa0;nm wavelength at&#xa0;a thickness of 50&#xa0;nm to&#xa0;approximately  620&#xa0;nm at 1&#xa0;µm. Furthermore, we investigated various electron transport layers (ETLs) and found that the indium tin oxide (ITO) exhibited superior PV performances, boosting the PCE to ~ 12.6% due to its excellent conductivity and optimal energy band alignment with SNMO. These findings establish SNMO as a promising absorber material for environmentally friendly PSCs, paving the way for cheaper, simpler, scalable, and sustainable photovoltaic solutions. This work highlights the potential of HTL-free architectures to reduce costs and complexities while maintaining competitive efficiencies, marking a significant step forward in the development of&#xa0;lead-free solar technologies.</p>

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Efficient inverted HTL-free Sm2NiMnO6-based perovskite solar cell: a SCAPS-1D study

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月24日

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  • Nassim Ahmed Mahammedi

摘要

The transition to sustainable energy has driven extensive research into perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as promising candidates for next-generation photovoltaics. Despite their remarkable efficiencies, the commercialization of PSCs remains hindered by lead toxicity and material instability. In this study, we investigate a lead-free samarium-based double perovskite oxide, Sm2NiMnO6 (SNMO), as the active absorber layer in an innovative inverted, hole transport layer (HTL)-free PSC architecture. Using SCAPS-1D simulations, we optimized the device configuration and achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.93%, with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.8 V, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 16.46 mA cm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 82.14%. Notably, increasing the SNMO absorber thickness enhanced light absorption in the red spectral region, shifting the external quantum efficiency (EQE) peak from 380 nm wavelength at a thickness of 50 nm to approximately  620 nm at 1 µm. Furthermore, we investigated various electron transport layers (ETLs) and found that the indium tin oxide (ITO) exhibited superior PV performances, boosting the PCE to ~ 12.6% due to its excellent conductivity and optimal energy band alignment with SNMO. These findings establish SNMO as a promising absorber material for environmentally friendly PSCs, paving the way for cheaper, simpler, scalable, and sustainable photovoltaic solutions. This work highlights the potential of HTL-free architectures to reduce costs and complexities while maintaining competitive efficiencies, marking a significant step forward in the development of lead-free solar technologies.