<p>Ultraviolet (UV) detection has found extensive applications across multiple domains, including stellar observation, astrophysical analysis, flame sensing, gas detection, as well as biomedical fields for disease research and diagnostics. Significant advancements in organic semiconductor materials and in-depth research on organic optoelectronic devices have propelled the development of organic semiconductor-based UV photodetectors (OUVPDs) and substantial progress has been witnessed, including extended versatility of photoresponsive materials, enhanced detection sensitivity, accelerated response rates, and improved operational stability. Therefore, it is important to make an interim summary of recent research progress of OUVPDs to offer several suggestions for researchers in this field. In this review, we firstly briefly introduce the working principles, the device structures, and the performance parameters of photodetectors; then, we will give the detailed summary of the recent advances in OUVPDs focusing on various organic active components; finally, emerging applications based on OUVPDs will be discussed.</p>