<p>The escalating levels of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions present a severe threat to humanity, driving climate change with farreaching consequences for the economy, society, and the environment. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as highly promising candidates for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) due to their exceptional properties, including high specific surface areas, tunable structures, and broad visible-light absorption capabilities. This paper reviews the application of MOFs, COFs, and their composites in the field of photocatalytic CO₂RR, including the structural characteristics, classification, and common modification strategies of MOFs and COFs, and particularly illustrates the influence of structural characteristics on the photocatalytic CO₂RR pathway. Meanwhile, this paper summarizes the applications of MOFs, COFs, and their composites in photocatalytic reduction from CO₂ to C₁, C₂₊ or oxygen-containing compounds. In addition, this review systematically explores the key challenges faced by MOFs and COFs in the field of photocatalytic CO₂RR, and proposes effective strategies to overcome bottleneck problems, providing guidance for the future development of efficient and stable sacrificial free photocatalytic CO₂RR systems. A fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationship in these porous materials is essential for driving significant advancements in this field. By providing a comprehensive analysis, this review aims to offer valuable insights and guidance for future research and applications of MOFs, COFs, and their composites in photocatalytic CO₂ reduction.</p>