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Purpose <p>This review aimed to collect the most recent data to provide evidence-based support for non-pharmacological treatments to enhance balance function in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).</p> Methods <p>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to June 10, 2026, following PRISMA guidelines, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing non-pharmacological treatments for enhancing balance function in DPN with the following outcome variables: timed up and go (TUG) time, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores, and one-leg stance (OLS) time. The mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. I² indices were used to estimate heterogeneity.</p> Results <p>Seventeen articles included two non-pharmacological treatment types: exercise and therapeutic modalities. Exercise reduced TUG time (MD = − 0.98, 95% CI : −1.38 to − 0.58) and increased BBS scores (MD = 2.67, 95% CI : 1.43 to 3.91), and OLS time (MD = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.58 to 2.64). Modalities reduced TUG time (MD = − 1.35, 95% CI : −1.89 to − 0.81) and increased BBS scores (MD = 1.29, 95% CI : -0.43 to 3.01), and OLS time (MD = 2.21, 95% CI : 0.59 to 3.38), but the BBS scores (MD = 1.29, 95% CI : -0.43 to 3.01) is no significant increase.</p> Conclusion <p>These findings suggest that non-pharmacological treatments can significantly improve balance in DPN. Future research should prioritize the standardization of treatment parameters and rigorous evaluation of long-term efficacy and safety profiles to provide stronger evidence for implementation in clinical practice.</p> <p>The protocol is publicly available at: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ].</p>

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The effects of non-pharmacological treatments on the balance function of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月25日

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  • Yazheng Ji,
  • Mingjie Liang,
  • Wen He

摘要

Purpose

This review aimed to collect the most recent data to provide evidence-based support for non-pharmacological treatments to enhance balance function in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to June 10, 2026, following PRISMA guidelines, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing non-pharmacological treatments for enhancing balance function in DPN with the following outcome variables: timed up and go (TUG) time, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores, and one-leg stance (OLS) time. The mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. I² indices were used to estimate heterogeneity.

Results

Seventeen articles included two non-pharmacological treatment types: exercise and therapeutic modalities. Exercise reduced TUG time (MD = − 0.98, 95% CI : −1.38 to − 0.58) and increased BBS scores (MD = 2.67, 95% CI : 1.43 to 3.91), and OLS time (MD = 1.61, 95% CI: 0.58 to 2.64). Modalities reduced TUG time (MD = − 1.35, 95% CI : −1.89 to − 0.81) and increased BBS scores (MD = 1.29, 95% CI : -0.43 to 3.01), and OLS time (MD = 2.21, 95% CI : 0.59 to 3.38), but the BBS scores (MD = 1.29, 95% CI : -0.43 to 3.01) is no significant increase.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that non-pharmacological treatments can significantly improve balance in DPN. Future research should prioritize the standardization of treatment parameters and rigorous evaluation of long-term efficacy and safety profiles to provide stronger evidence for implementation in clinical practice.

The protocol is publicly available at: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ].