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Objective <p>To determine the global prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).</p> Methods <p>A systematic database search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science from 2000 to October 2024. Studies were included if they: (1) used observational designs (2) reported the prevalence of overweight and/or obesity among children with TID (&lt; 20 years) (3) were published in English Language. Studies with both T1D and T2D participants that lacked separate T1D findings were excluded. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence, with heterogeneity assessed using I² statistics. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger’s and Begg’s tests.</p> Results <p>Out of 10,491 references, 21 articles met the inclusion criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents was 30.0%, with substantial geographical and gender differences. The pooled prevalence of obesity alone was 8.8% and overweight prevalence was higher at 20.0%. Key factors such as female gender, increasing age, lower household income, and lower parental education, increased insulin doses, reduced physical activity, lower self-monitoring of blood glucose, perceived stress, poor diabetes care activities, and poor quality of life were associated with higher overweight and obesity risk.</p> Conclusion <p>Obesity and overweight in children with T1D stem from a complex interplay of sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors. Data from underrepresented areas, especially Africa, highlight the need for further research to guide global policies for managing and preventing obesity.</p>

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Global prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月4日

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  • Eric Peprah Osei,
  • Emmanuel Ekpor,
  • Gideon Yaw Osei,
  • Samuel Akyirem

摘要

Objective

To determine the global prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods

A systematic database search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science from 2000 to October 2024. Studies were included if they: (1) used observational designs (2) reported the prevalence of overweight and/or obesity among children with TID (< 20 years) (3) were published in English Language. Studies with both T1D and T2D participants that lacked separate T1D findings were excluded. The DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence, with heterogeneity assessed using I² statistics. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger’s and Begg’s tests.

Results

Out of 10,491 references, 21 articles met the inclusion criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents was 30.0%, with substantial geographical and gender differences. The pooled prevalence of obesity alone was 8.8% and overweight prevalence was higher at 20.0%. Key factors such as female gender, increasing age, lower household income, and lower parental education, increased insulin doses, reduced physical activity, lower self-monitoring of blood glucose, perceived stress, poor diabetes care activities, and poor quality of life were associated with higher overweight and obesity risk.

Conclusion

Obesity and overweight in children with T1D stem from a complex interplay of sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors. Data from underrepresented areas, especially Africa, highlight the need for further research to guide global policies for managing and preventing obesity.