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Objective <p>This study aimed to evaluate the Glycemic Load (GL) of foods consumed by community-dwelling older individuals, considering fasting blood glucose levels, self-reported Diabetes Mellitus (DM), and socioeconomic and nutritional factors.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Campinas-SP region, utilizing a convenience sample of 584 participants aged ≥ 60 years. Food consumption was assessed using a 24-hour recall. The GL was quantified by calculating the ratio of the glycemic index (GI) to the portion consumed. A significance level of <i>p</i> &lt; .05 was applied. The three main variables of interest were: (1) self-reported DM diagnosis; (2) fasting glycemia levels (controlled, ≤ 99&#xa0;mg/dL; uncontrolled, ≥ 100&#xa0;mg/dL); and (3) the combination of these, creating four groups: no DM diagnosis and controlled glycemia; DM diagnosis and uncontrolled glycemia; DM diagnosis and controlled glycemia; and no DM diagnosis and uncontrolled glycemia.</p> Results <p>The average GL was significantly lower in women (<i>p</i> = .001) and widowed individuals (<i>p</i> = .04). Additionally, those with self-reported DM showed a reduced GL intake (<i>p</i> = .037).</p> Conclusion <p>Older adults with a self-reported DM and controlled glycemia showed a lower dietary glycemic load. Sociodemographic characteristics, such as sex and marital status, were also associated with GL intake. These findings reinforce the importance of considering dietary GL in the nutritional assessment of older individuals, especially those with diabetes.</p>

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Glycemic load, glycemia, and self-reported diabetes mellitus in community-dwelling older adults: a 24-hour dietary recall–based assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月27日

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  • Maria Clara Fortes Vitale,
  • Carolina Neves Freiria,
  • Tábatta Renata Pereira de Brito,
  • Ligiana Pires Corona

摘要

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the Glycemic Load (GL) of foods consumed by community-dwelling older individuals, considering fasting blood glucose levels, self-reported Diabetes Mellitus (DM), and socioeconomic and nutritional factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Campinas-SP region, utilizing a convenience sample of 584 participants aged ≥ 60 years. Food consumption was assessed using a 24-hour recall. The GL was quantified by calculating the ratio of the glycemic index (GI) to the portion consumed. A significance level of p < .05 was applied. The three main variables of interest were: (1) self-reported DM diagnosis; (2) fasting glycemia levels (controlled, ≤ 99 mg/dL; uncontrolled, ≥ 100 mg/dL); and (3) the combination of these, creating four groups: no DM diagnosis and controlled glycemia; DM diagnosis and uncontrolled glycemia; DM diagnosis and controlled glycemia; and no DM diagnosis and uncontrolled glycemia.

Results

The average GL was significantly lower in women (p = .001) and widowed individuals (p = .04). Additionally, those with self-reported DM showed a reduced GL intake (p = .037).

Conclusion

Older adults with a self-reported DM and controlled glycemia showed a lower dietary glycemic load. Sociodemographic characteristics, such as sex and marital status, were also associated with GL intake. These findings reinforce the importance of considering dietary GL in the nutritional assessment of older individuals, especially those with diabetes.