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Background and aim <p>A healthy diet has been recommended for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to investigate the associations of diet quality indices with the risk of developingmetabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).</p> Methods <p>We conducted this nested case-control study by recruiting 968 cases with MAFLD and 964 controls from the participants of the baseline phase of the Sabzevar Persian Cohort Study (SPCS). MAFLD was defined as having a fatty liver index ≥ 60 plus at least one of the following: overweight or obese, Type II diabetes mellitus, or evidence of metabolic dysregulation. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. We estimated the associations of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 with MAFLD risk using multivariable logistic regression.</p> Results <p>Among those in the highest relative to the lowest quintile of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were 0.45 (95% CI [confidence interval] 0.29–0.69; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.002) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.35–0.85; <i>P</i><sub>trend</sub> = 0.04), respectively.</p> Conclusion <p>The results of our study suggest that there is a significant associationbetween adherence to a healthy diet, indicated by a higher score of HEI or AHEI, and a reduced likelihood of developingMAFLD.</p>

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Association of diet quality scores with risk of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in Iranian population: a nested case-control study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月13日

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  • Ehsaneh Taheri,
  • Yusuf Yilmaz,
  • Fereshteh Ghorat,
  • Alireza Moslem,
  • Mohammad Reza Zali

摘要

Background and aim

A healthy diet has been recommended for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to investigate the associations of diet quality indices with the risk of developingmetabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Methods

We conducted this nested case-control study by recruiting 968 cases with MAFLD and 964 controls from the participants of the baseline phase of the Sabzevar Persian Cohort Study (SPCS). MAFLD was defined as having a fatty liver index ≥ 60 plus at least one of the following: overweight or obese, Type II diabetes mellitus, or evidence of metabolic dysregulation. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. We estimated the associations of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 with MAFLD risk using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Among those in the highest relative to the lowest quintile of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were 0.45 (95% CI [confidence interval] 0.29–0.69; Ptrend = 0.002) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.35–0.85; Ptrend = 0.04), respectively.

Conclusion

The results of our study suggest that there is a significant associationbetween adherence to a healthy diet, indicated by a higher score of HEI or AHEI, and a reduced likelihood of developingMAFLD.