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<p>To enhance the mechanical properties of the clad metal in alkaline electrodes, this study developed six groups of coatings with varying calcium aluminate content, followed by welding tests. The research aimed to investigate the effects of calcium aluminate content on the composition, inclusions, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the clad metal. Findings indicate that increasing the calcium aluminate content in the flux coating of alkaline electrodes improves the impact absorption energy, elongation after fracture, yield strength, and tensile strength of the deposited metal by 14.23%, 12.7%, 26.3%, and 17.3%, respectively. Under high-temperature arc conditions, the active alloying elements Ti, Al, and Ca in the clad metal increased, facilitating metallurgical reactions between S and P with Ca<sup>2+</sup>, which subsequently reduced the levels of S and P. Additionally, a greater amount of Mn was lost through the slag-molten pool interface into the slag. The increase in calcium aluminate also reduced the average size of inclusions from 0.7429 to 0.5097&#xa0;µm and decreased their number density from 704 to 426&#xa0;mm<sup>−2</sup>. These synergistic effects led to a reduction in the average grain size of the clad metal from 15.77 to 14.02&#xa0;µm, accompanied by the formation of a small amount of acicular ferrite. Furthermore, the fracture morphology changed, resulting in fine and deep ductile dimples, which are advantageous for enhancing the mechanical properties of the clad metal.</p>

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Effect of calcium aluminate content on the mechanical properties of welds produced by basic electrode welding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Weining Zhang,
  • Hailiang Fang,
  • Shunda He,
  • Yuansen Zhou,
  • Rui Zhang,
  • Mingzhi Li,
  • Jinbin Wang

摘要

To enhance the mechanical properties of the clad metal in alkaline electrodes, this study developed six groups of coatings with varying calcium aluminate content, followed by welding tests. The research aimed to investigate the effects of calcium aluminate content on the composition, inclusions, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the clad metal. Findings indicate that increasing the calcium aluminate content in the flux coating of alkaline electrodes improves the impact absorption energy, elongation after fracture, yield strength, and tensile strength of the deposited metal by 14.23%, 12.7%, 26.3%, and 17.3%, respectively. Under high-temperature arc conditions, the active alloying elements Ti, Al, and Ca in the clad metal increased, facilitating metallurgical reactions between S and P with Ca2+, which subsequently reduced the levels of S and P. Additionally, a greater amount of Mn was lost through the slag-molten pool interface into the slag. The increase in calcium aluminate also reduced the average size of inclusions from 0.7429 to 0.5097 µm and decreased their number density from 704 to 426 mm−2. These synergistic effects led to a reduction in the average grain size of the clad metal from 15.77 to 14.02 µm, accompanied by the formation of a small amount of acicular ferrite. Furthermore, the fracture morphology changed, resulting in fine and deep ductile dimples, which are advantageous for enhancing the mechanical properties of the clad metal.