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<p>In this research, the parameters (with emphasis on the wobble amplitude) of the laser welding process (LBW) were evaluated for their effect on the geometry and metallurgical conditions in AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy joints. Through a full factorial design, the linear regression equations were determined to estimate weld width and penetration depth (response variables). The interaction between laser power and wobble amplitude was found to be critical in improving both the geometric and metallurgical quality of the welds. Wobble amplitude emerged as a key parameter in the welding of AA 6061-T6; a higher wobble amplitude (up to 2.5&#xa0;mm) increased susceptibility to hot cracking in the FZ due to the high thermal gradient and the resultant hybrid microstructure (equiaxial-columnar). Additionally, the segregation induced by the high thermal gradient (with high wobble amplitude) contributed to the formation of Si- and Mg-intermetallic compounds (Mg<sub>2</sub>Si), which increased the FZ microhardness punctually.</p>

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Wobble amplitude parameter analysis in the LBW process and the microstructural effect of AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Sarahí Estrada-Hernández,
  • Nereyda Alcantar-Mondragón,
  • Francisco Reyes-Calderón,
  • Víctor García-García,
  • Juan Pablo Cadena-Casas,
  • Luis Enrique Carranza-García,
  • Ismeli Alfonso-López

摘要

In this research, the parameters (with emphasis on the wobble amplitude) of the laser welding process (LBW) were evaluated for their effect on the geometry and metallurgical conditions in AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy joints. Through a full factorial design, the linear regression equations were determined to estimate weld width and penetration depth (response variables). The interaction between laser power and wobble amplitude was found to be critical in improving both the geometric and metallurgical quality of the welds. Wobble amplitude emerged as a key parameter in the welding of AA 6061-T6; a higher wobble amplitude (up to 2.5 mm) increased susceptibility to hot cracking in the FZ due to the high thermal gradient and the resultant hybrid microstructure (equiaxial-columnar). Additionally, the segregation induced by the high thermal gradient (with high wobble amplitude) contributed to the formation of Si- and Mg-intermetallic compounds (Mg2Si), which increased the FZ microhardness punctually.