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<p>The coarse grain size caused by the thermal cumulation in the additive manufacturing process was the primary factor of the reduction of component properties. In this paper, the structure and performances of the additive parts made of 316L stainless steel were optimized using AC (alternating current)-DC (direct current) mixed waveforms in two heat source modes: TIG (tungsten inert gas) arc heat source and laser-TIG hybrid heat source. The results show that with the introduction of AC and laser light, the grain size of the samples changes significantly and the preferential orientation and texture strength are weakened. The longitudinal tensile strength was increased by 44&#xa0;MPa and 60&#xa0;MPa under the TIG arc heat source and with the addition of laser, respectively, compared to the DC additive specimens. The experimental results exhibited that the two different heat sources for the material additive modes, the mixed alternating current-direct current waveform and the oscillating scanning of the laser, were the main reasons for the grain refinement and performance enhancement.</p>

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Strategy of current waveform on 316L stainless steel additive manufacturing optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Zhaodong Zhang,
  • Wenkang Zhang,
  • Shuaiyang Gui,
  • Zhiwei Li,
  • Xu Wang

摘要

The coarse grain size caused by the thermal cumulation in the additive manufacturing process was the primary factor of the reduction of component properties. In this paper, the structure and performances of the additive parts made of 316L stainless steel were optimized using AC (alternating current)-DC (direct current) mixed waveforms in two heat source modes: TIG (tungsten inert gas) arc heat source and laser-TIG hybrid heat source. The results show that with the introduction of AC and laser light, the grain size of the samples changes significantly and the preferential orientation and texture strength are weakened. The longitudinal tensile strength was increased by 44 MPa and 60 MPa under the TIG arc heat source and with the addition of laser, respectively, compared to the DC additive specimens. The experimental results exhibited that the two different heat sources for the material additive modes, the mixed alternating current-direct current waveform and the oscillating scanning of the laser, were the main reasons for the grain refinement and performance enhancement.