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<p>High‑strength steels (HSS) are increasingly used in modern structural engineering due to their improved strength‑to‑weight efficiency and sustainability benefits. This study presents an extended formulation of the regular inclined shell element model (RISEM) through the incorporation of a Eurocode‑compatible plastic strain limit for predicting the resistance of fillet welded connections. The enhanced model employs equivalent plastic strain (PEEQ) as the ductile failure indicator, aligned with EN 1993‑1‑5 Annex C, enabling strain‑based verification without dependence on fracture calibrations. A comprehensive mesh sensitivity study and strain‑limit evaluation demonstrate that RISEM achieves stable predictions using mesh sizes between <i>a/15</i> and <i>a/20</i>, with weld resistance variations remaining below 8% for the full 2–6.4% strain‑limit range. Verification against analytical design resistances confirms that the strain‑limited RISEM is accurate, computationally efficient, and suitable for design applications. The study delivers practical design recommendations for engineers using HSS welded connections under ULS verification conditions.</p>

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Advancing the design of high-strength steel welded connections: a numerical approach with plastic strain limits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • Abhishek Ghimire,
  • František Wald

摘要

High‑strength steels (HSS) are increasingly used in modern structural engineering due to their improved strength‑to‑weight efficiency and sustainability benefits. This study presents an extended formulation of the regular inclined shell element model (RISEM) through the incorporation of a Eurocode‑compatible plastic strain limit for predicting the resistance of fillet welded connections. The enhanced model employs equivalent plastic strain (PEEQ) as the ductile failure indicator, aligned with EN 1993‑1‑5 Annex C, enabling strain‑based verification without dependence on fracture calibrations. A comprehensive mesh sensitivity study and strain‑limit evaluation demonstrate that RISEM achieves stable predictions using mesh sizes between a/15 and a/20, with weld resistance variations remaining below 8% for the full 2–6.4% strain‑limit range. Verification against analytical design resistances confirms that the strain‑limited RISEM is accurate, computationally efficient, and suitable for design applications. The study delivers practical design recommendations for engineers using HSS welded connections under ULS verification conditions.