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<p>IN625 alloy is widely used for pump chambers in high-temperature, high-pressure, and corrosive environments. However, its wear and impact resistance face challenges under extreme conditions involving high abrasion and high-speed impact. The introduction of TiC particles to fabricate IN625-TiC coatings has proven to be an effective strategy to enhance these properties. In this study, IN625-TiC coatings with TiC mass fractions of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% were prepared on an IN625 superalloy substrate via plasma cladding. The microstructure was characterized using XRD, SEM, and EBSD, while microhardness, wear behavior, and dynamic compression mechanical properties were systematically investigated to elucidate the influence mechanism of TiC content. Results show that increasing the TiC fraction induces lattice distortion in the γ-phase and refines coating grains. The fraction of <i>γ</i>-phase grains with sizes below 5&#xa0;μm increased from 73.92% (with 5% TiC) to 95.2% (with 15% TiC). Microhardness increases with TiC addition, reaching 354.4 HV<sub>0.2</sub> for the 15% TiC coating—a 47% improvement over the substrate, while the friction coefficient reached a minimum value of 0.421 at 10% TiC. All coatings exhibited strain-rate strengthening behavior at strain rates from 700 to 2100&#xa0;s<sup>−1</sup>, with dynamic yield strength and peak stress increasing with TiC content. Moderate TiC (5–10%) synergistically improves comprehensive properties through solid-solution strengthening, grain-boundary pinning, and hard-phase dispersion. However, excessive TiC (15%) weakens the interfacial bonding between hard phases and the matrix, causing particle detachment and consequent degradation of wear resistance. This study provides a theoretical and technical reference for developing high-performance wear-resistant coatings for pump chambers.</p>

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Tailoring plasma-cladding IN625 coatings: TiC composition-dependent microstructural evolution and enhanced mechanical properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月16日

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  • Tao Liu,
  • Botao Wei,
  • Jingfa Lei,
  • Lu Chen,
  • Lu Wang,
  • Hong Sun

摘要

IN625 alloy is widely used for pump chambers in high-temperature, high-pressure, and corrosive environments. However, its wear and impact resistance face challenges under extreme conditions involving high abrasion and high-speed impact. The introduction of TiC particles to fabricate IN625-TiC coatings has proven to be an effective strategy to enhance these properties. In this study, IN625-TiC coatings with TiC mass fractions of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% were prepared on an IN625 superalloy substrate via plasma cladding. The microstructure was characterized using XRD, SEM, and EBSD, while microhardness, wear behavior, and dynamic compression mechanical properties were systematically investigated to elucidate the influence mechanism of TiC content. Results show that increasing the TiC fraction induces lattice distortion in the γ-phase and refines coating grains. The fraction of γ-phase grains with sizes below 5 μm increased from 73.92% (with 5% TiC) to 95.2% (with 15% TiC). Microhardness increases with TiC addition, reaching 354.4 HV0.2 for the 15% TiC coating—a 47% improvement over the substrate, while the friction coefficient reached a minimum value of 0.421 at 10% TiC. All coatings exhibited strain-rate strengthening behavior at strain rates from 700 to 2100 s−1, with dynamic yield strength and peak stress increasing with TiC content. Moderate TiC (5–10%) synergistically improves comprehensive properties through solid-solution strengthening, grain-boundary pinning, and hard-phase dispersion. However, excessive TiC (15%) weakens the interfacial bonding between hard phases and the matrix, causing particle detachment and consequent degradation of wear resistance. This study provides a theoretical and technical reference for developing high-performance wear-resistant coatings for pump chambers.