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<p>To improve the steel/titanium joint performance, nickel (Ni) and vanadium (V) interlayers were firstly deposited on the 304 stainless steel (SS) side and TC4 alloy side using a laser metal deposition (LMD) process, respectively. The deposited interlayers were then combined with a rolled CuCrZr plate as a composite interlayer for dissimilar laser welding of TC4/304 SS butt joints. The effects of two different thicknesses of Ni interlayers on the weld shape, microstructure, and mechanical properties of TC4/304 SS joints were investigated. The results show that a sound TC4/304 SS joint with full penetration is successfully obtained using the novel V/CuCrZr/Ni composite interlayer. The TC4/304 SS joint with a 1-mm-thick Ni layer of the composite interlayer exhibits an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 451.2 MPa and an elongation index (EI) of 2.8%. As the thickness increases from 0.5 to 1 mm, the Cu content in the fusion zone-2 (FZ-2) on the 304 SS side rises from 12.66 to 55.33%, and no Fe-Ti intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are formed. The increase of Ni layer thickness also leads to increased Fe and Ni contents in the unmelted CuCrZr zone, which is beneficial to enhance solid solution strengthening, and therefore to improve joint strength.</p>

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Effect of Ni layer thickness on the microstructure and properties of dissimilar TC4/304 SS joint using laser welding with a novel V/CuCrZr/Ni composite layer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • Zhenfu Shi,
  • Li Cui,
  • Dingyong He,
  • Qing Cao,
  • Fanhui Bu,
  • Qing Lv,
  • Xuefeng Cheng

摘要

To improve the steel/titanium joint performance, nickel (Ni) and vanadium (V) interlayers were firstly deposited on the 304 stainless steel (SS) side and TC4 alloy side using a laser metal deposition (LMD) process, respectively. The deposited interlayers were then combined with a rolled CuCrZr plate as a composite interlayer for dissimilar laser welding of TC4/304 SS butt joints. The effects of two different thicknesses of Ni interlayers on the weld shape, microstructure, and mechanical properties of TC4/304 SS joints were investigated. The results show that a sound TC4/304 SS joint with full penetration is successfully obtained using the novel V/CuCrZr/Ni composite interlayer. The TC4/304 SS joint with a 1-mm-thick Ni layer of the composite interlayer exhibits an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 451.2 MPa and an elongation index (EI) of 2.8%. As the thickness increases from 0.5 to 1 mm, the Cu content in the fusion zone-2 (FZ-2) on the 304 SS side rises from 12.66 to 55.33%, and no Fe-Ti intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are formed. The increase of Ni layer thickness also leads to increased Fe and Ni contents in the unmelted CuCrZr zone, which is beneficial to enhance solid solution strengthening, and therefore to improve joint strength.