<p>Despite growing academic and managerial interest in strategic flexibility as a critical dynamic capability for firms operating in turbulent environments, the literature on the topic remains fragmented across disciplines, theories, and methodological approaches. This fragmentation results in a lack of integrative understanding as to how strategic flexibility contributes to organizational adaptation, resilience, and innovation. To consolidate existing research and provide a systematic synthesis of the field’s thematic diversity, this study maps and analyzes the core topics (themes) of strategic flexibility research. It adopts a dual-method review approach, integrating topic modeling and the Theory–Context–Characteristics–Methodology (TCCM) framework to synthesize insights from 88 peer-reviewed articles. The analysis identifies ten distinct thematic topics, each of which is further analyzed using the TCCM framework, highlighting variations in terms of theoretical grounding, contextual focus, types of constructs studied (e.g., antecedents, moderators, mediators, and outcomes), and research methodology. The study offers suggestions for future research directions by identifying underexplored contexts, theoretical extensions, and the methodological pluralism needed to advance the field of strategic flexibility. The findings also provide actionable insights for managers by linking research themes with practical concerns related to adaptability, business model reconfiguration, digital transformation, knowledge networks, leadership, innovation, and resilience.</p>