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Background <p>The natural active ingredient propolis, which is used to support the treatment of inflammatory diseases, and the drug methotrexate (MTX), which is used to treat tumor diseases, have already shown that they are able to change the DNA methylation profile.</p> Objective <p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of propolis oral spray and intravenous methotrexate to modulate the DNA methylation profile of the interleukin-6 (<i>IL6)</i> gene, which encodes an inflammatory cytokine that is important in both inflammatory and tumor processes.</p> Methodology <p>The propolis intervention was tested in adults affected by COVID-19 (<i>n</i> = 114) and the methotrexate intervention was tested in children and adolescents with leukemia (<i>n</i> = 64). DNA methylation in the <i>IL6</i> gene promoter was analyzed using the methylation-specific PCR (MSP) technique using DNA extracted from oral mucosa or blood.</p> Results <p>The fully methylated profile in blood cells of adults with COVID-19 was observed in 100% of the samples both before and after the propolis intervention. The methylated profile was also observed in buccal cells from pediatric patients with leukemia in 100% of the samples regardless of MTX treatment.</p> Conclusion <p>It is concluded that the methylated profile in the <i>IL6</i> gene promoter is a common profile for adult blood cells and pediatric oral cells and is not modulated by the use of propolis or methotrexate.</p>

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Evaluation of IL6 Promoter Methylation in Adults with COVID-19 and Pediatric Leukemia Patients: The Role of Propolis and Methotrexate in Epigenetic Modulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • José Nunes de Queiroz Neto,
  • Cássia Surama Oliveira da Silva,
  • Mayara Karla dos Santos Nunes,
  • Mussara Gomes Cavalcante Alves Monteiro,
  • Darlene Camati Persuhn,
  • José Maria Chagas Viana Filho,
  • Francisco Eduardo de Carvalho Costa,
  • Maria José de Carvalho Costa,
  • Naila Francis Paulo de Oliveira

摘要

Background

The natural active ingredient propolis, which is used to support the treatment of inflammatory diseases, and the drug methotrexate (MTX), which is used to treat tumor diseases, have already shown that they are able to change the DNA methylation profile.

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of propolis oral spray and intravenous methotrexate to modulate the DNA methylation profile of the interleukin-6 (IL6) gene, which encodes an inflammatory cytokine that is important in both inflammatory and tumor processes.

Methodology

The propolis intervention was tested in adults affected by COVID-19 (n = 114) and the methotrexate intervention was tested in children and adolescents with leukemia (n = 64). DNA methylation in the IL6 gene promoter was analyzed using the methylation-specific PCR (MSP) technique using DNA extracted from oral mucosa or blood.

Results

The fully methylated profile in blood cells of adults with COVID-19 was observed in 100% of the samples both before and after the propolis intervention. The methylated profile was also observed in buccal cells from pediatric patients with leukemia in 100% of the samples regardless of MTX treatment.

Conclusion

It is concluded that the methylated profile in the IL6 gene promoter is a common profile for adult blood cells and pediatric oral cells and is not modulated by the use of propolis or methotrexate.