Purpose of review <p>This review aims to analyze the effects of blood flow restriction training (BFRT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, explore its impacts on health outcomes and potential mechanisms, and provide practical guidance on exercise prescription.</p> Recent findings <p>Compared to traditional high-intensity training, BFRT with low-intensity training reduces patients’ exercise load while offering similar physiological benefits. For CKD patients, BFRT, when combined with resistance or aerobic training, effectively addresses muscle mass decline and cardiovascular issues in these patients, while also reducing inflammation, regulating proteins related to kidney function, and enhancing antioxidant enzyme synthesis.</p> Summary <p>Current literature supports the use of BFRT in the exercise rehabilitation of CKD patients. With proper contraindication screening, correct equipment use, and appropriate exercise prescription, BFRT can be a safe and effective exercise modality for CKD patients.</p>